Abstract
The chapter represents the results of the analysis of the Teleut language vocabulary, verbalizing pragmatically significant frames “hunting” and “food” from cognitive positions. The authors pay attention to the description of a horse image based on Teleut and Russian proverbs in order to identify its national and cultural conditionality. The sources of study are dictionaries, audio and video materials of conversations with Teleuts, living in the villages of the Kemerovo region. Reference to lexicographical works and application of the method of propositional frame-based modeling allow the authors, first, to identify and describe peculiarities of the linguistic realization of associatively linked frames “hunting,” “food,” and considerations about a horse; second, to reveal the system of archaic perception of the world fragments by Teleuts and to show its significance for preservation of viability of their genetically native language; third, to set the directions of further work for the preservation of the original national Teleut culture.
TopBackground
Frame is one of the central concepts in cognitive linguistics. The cognitive approach allows scientists to connect mental activity of the person with its representation in a language. One of the units of schematic representation of knowledge is a frame that is propositional in its content: it is expressed with the help of structures “predicate-argument”, which is a common form of knowledge expression in verbal transmission.
Cognitive modeling of the Teleuts` linguistic worldview is important for preserving the language and attraction the attention of young people to their culture.
The study was carried out on the materials, collected in field expeditions in the villages of Bekovo, Ulus, Teleut in the 2013-2018 in the process of working with informants – representatives of the Teleut ethnos (Tarasova Marina Nikolayevna, Todysheva Mariya Vasilyevna, Chebelkova Zoya Nazarovna, Cheshtanova Valentina Stepanovna, Shadeeva Raisa Dmitriyevna, etc.). Materials of traditional lexicographic sources (Russian-Teleut dictionary 2002; Teleut-Russian dictionary 1995])and modern dictionaries (Linguistic and cultural studies Teleut-Russian dictionary – http://ls-teleut.kemsu.ru), written in 2017 year by a group of authors, lecturers of the Department of stylistics and rhetoric, Kemerovo State University under the guidance of Professor L. A. Araeva, were also used. The source of proverbs was “Great dictionary of Russian Proverbs”, written by V. M. Mokienko, T. G. Nikitina (Mokienko, Nikitina, 2010).
Key Terms in this Chapter
Teleuts: The indigenous small Turkic-speaking people of Russia (the self-name Telengit, Tadar, Bayat-pachat), living in the Southwest Siberia (generally on the territory of the Kemerovo region); Shamanism is historical religion of Teleuts.
Proposition: The verbalized minimum judgment (Leo Veisgerber's term), which is implemented in limits of propositional structure; the mental and language unit of storage of information organizing semantics of lexemes.
Propositional Structure: Abstract minimum judgment within which the predicative coherence of subject and object is shown.
Nomination: Process of correlation of language units with the designated objects (objects, signs, events, etc.), leading to creation of new nominative unit.