Abstract
Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing are expected to transform current practices into new milestones of exponential growth with high intensity of velocity, scope, and system impact. Technological advancements in the fields such as artificial intelligence, internet of things (IoT), blockchain technology, and cyber physical systems have resulted in a breakthrough in capturing the potential to boost income levels and an improvement in the quality of life of various sectors of people worldwide. A continuous stream of input data generated by IoT devices can assist to closely monitor an industry's various production phases. Edge computing and AI process these data at the end node, while blockchain technology provides a distributed secure data environment for both financial and non-financial applications. Security measures must be built into all manufacturing systems, allowing for failsafe production and cyber threat protection. In this chapter, the authors look at how these technologies can be used in a variety of scenarios to boost productivity in the industry and its environmental elements.
TopBackground
Industry4.0 was first coined in 2011 by three engineers: Henning Kagermann (physicist and one of the founders of SAP) (Henning Kagermann, 2011), Wolfgang Wahlster (professor of artificial intelligence), and Wolf-Dieter Lukas (physicist and senior official at the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research) in the german language ‘Industrie4.0’ in an industrial fair at Hannover Messe. Since then, the term Industrie 4.0 has sparked a vision of a new Industrial Revolution and has sparked a vigorous, ongoing debate about the future of work, and hence society, among the German public. In 2013, Industry4.0 manifesto(“Recommendations for Implementing the Strategic Initiative INDUSTRIE 4.0. Final Report of the Industrie 4.0 Working Group,” n.d.) was prepared by German National Academy of Science and Engineering (acatech). The discussion around this future vision eventually extended to other countries, with public awareness peaked in 2016 when the World Economic Forum met in Davos under the banner Mastering the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Industry 4.0-related issues are addressed and developed by the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) for Factories of the Future (FoF). The evolution of Industry4.0 is described as application of inventions and discoveries from time to time as tools and techniques with the objective for producing goods in large numbers, less production cost, less time eventually resulting in lower product cost.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI is an area of computer science concerned with the development of data processing systems that perform functions usually associated with human intellect, such as reasoning, learning, and self-improvement.
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS): CPS is a new generation of technologies with integrated computational and physical capabilities capable of interacting with humans in a variety of new ways.
Horizontal and Vertical System Integration in Industry 4.0: Interconnection between organizations and suppliers is critical for speedy and timely delivery in today's fast-paced industry. To speed up the manufacturing process, the engineering department must be closely connected to the production department. This mechanism is provided by Industry4.0, which connects all of these units.
Cyber-Attack: A cyber-attack is an occurrence that has an adverse effect on an organization's operations, assets, or individuals through unauthorized access, disclosure, denial of service (DoS), information manipulation, or any other means. Active mode and passive mode attacks are two types of attacks.
Industry 4.0: Industry 4.0 refers to the application of cutting-edge concepts such as CPS, M2M, and IoT to build a smart, self-managing, and dynamic manufacturing process.
Industrial IoT (IIoT): IIoT is a network of machines, computers, and people that enables intelligent industrial operations employing advanced data analytics for transformative business outcomes, and it is changing the landscape for businesses and individuals alike.
Internet of Things (IoT): IoT is a scenario in which every object or “thing” has a sensor and can communicate its state with other things and automated systems in the environment. Each object is a node in a virtual network that transmits a significant amount of data about itself and its surroundings on a continual basis.
Software-Defined Networking (SDN): SDN is a networking paradigm that allows network managers to manage network services by abstracting higher-level functions.