Abstract
Transportation involves all concepts of distance, speed, and time. Maritime transportation is one of the oldest methods of transportation. Continuous demand for high speed in shipping has led to the emergence of High Speed Craft (HSC). The growing number of HSCs has necessitated the development of new safety concepts for such vessels and waters where they navigate. The navigation on HSC requires great/high attention. Safety of navigation is very important for preventing accidents and marine pollutions. The main causes of accidents in HSCs are related to bridge personnel and bridge operations. It is observed that human factor and safety of navigation are prominent.
TopMaritime Transportation
Transportation involves the activities for cargo and passengers to reach the destination at the possible lowest cost both in time and when they are needed (Bullock, Haddow, & Coppola, 2018; Gudehus & Kotzab, 2012, p. 623). Transportation is one of economic, social, cultural, political, military, geographical, psychological, and environmental fundamental blocks that affects the society continuously (García-Olivares, Solé, & Osychenko, 2018). It has a central role in healthy and sustainable community (Watkins, 2018). Transport activities are as old as the history of mankind and have always been a part of life (Grazia Speranza, 2018). Societies that carry out these activities well have always been one step ahead of others. The use of wheel in pictures about the development of civilization and the fact that locomotive is one of symbols of the Industrial Revolution show how important transportation is for humanity (Kılcı, 2017).
Transportation is a strategic sector consisting of demand and supply components (Teodorović & Janić, 2017). It shapes the economy with its role in the production of goods and services (Çancı & Güngören, 2013). Transportation plays critical and key role in logistics management. Improvements in transportation make a big difference in country trade volume by providing competitive advantage (Kherbash & Mocan, 2015); disruptions damage the economy (Kara & Ciğerlioğlu, 2018). Therefore transportation field is one of important and decisive dynamics in economic development and improvement (Vickerman, 2018). From another point of view, transportation is vital in accessing catastrophe areas after natural disasters for providing assistance and evacuating people (Edrissi, Nourinejad, & Roorda, 2015). The need for transportation is indispensable and escalates every year (Sumalee & Ho, 2018). Types of transportation system according to the environment and the technology used are (Baykal, 2012, p. 1); roadway, railway, waterway (maritime), airline, and pipeline (Çancı & Erdal, 2003, p. 25).
About 71% of the world is covered with water (Rodrigue, 2017). People have been inspired by floating tree pieces on the water (Baykal, 2011, p. 2; Rossi & Russo, 2017, p. 217). They have used the lifting force of water since the Stone Age for various purposes, such as going somewhere to find food and gaining advantage in war (Drobetz & Johns, 2018).
Key Terms in this Chapter
Displacement: The amount of water that submerged part of vessel displaces.
Air Supported: Supported by aerodynamic forces.
Navigational Aids: Special purpose signs placed by people on land or at sea according to a certain system.
Navigator: Master or deck officer who is responsible for ship handling.
Navigation: The science and the art that deals with methods and rules necessary to take marine craft from one position to another as soon as possible with safety and peacefully.
Maritime Transportation: A type of transportation in which water masses are used for the shipment of people and cargo by any floating object.
Speed: Quickness and swiftness.
International Maritime Organization: An international organization that is responsible for safe, secure, efficient, and environmental shipping.