Abstract
There are considered chemical compounds in which s- and p-elements participate, i.e., elements in which electrons fill with the s- and p-orbitals of atoms. Many of these elements, showing increased chemical activity, play an important role in the vital activity of living organisms and are included in drugs for the treatment of living organisms. The structures of these compounds have been determined and classified, and the molecules of these compounds have been shown to have both rule of higher dimensionality (4, 5, 6, and more). This can be of significant importance for nanomedicine.
TopIn the vast majority of compounds involving alkali metals (elements of first group of the Mendeleev table) the chemical bond is preferably ionic. Alkali metals have an external electron shell. They easily give bake one electron exhibiting a degree of oxidation +1. Salts of alkali metals in the condensed state usually have a cubic lattice, forming a structure of type rock salt structure (Chapter 1, Table 3).
However, Oganov and his co-workers have found that under high pressure the structure of many compounds, including alkali metal compounds, acquires new unexpected properties (Zhung et al., 2013; Zhou et al., 2012; Zhu, Oganov & Lyakhov, 2013). In particular, it is shown that the structure of the sodium-chlorine compounds varies significantly (Zhung at all, 2013). The elementary cell of this structure is a cube with sodium atoms at its vertices, and an icosahedron with a center with chlorine atoms at its vertices is located inside the cube. This compound is denoted Pm3 – NaClx.