Due to the fear created by the war and the problems that war has caused, most of the Syrian citizens have been displaced and started to migrate many countries of the world. Countries like Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan, which are the closest neighbors, feel the intensity of this migration, but the problem has also spread to Europe. Although the number of Syrian refugees has not known clearly, more than 3.5 million people are located in Turkey and Lebanon. In this study, it is aimed to develop an analysis through “war migration”, by focusing on the international links of migration. In this context, a theoretical experiment has been carried out that takes macro, meso and micro elements of immigration into consideration through the theory of migration systems and theory of relationship networks, therefore, a theoretical experiment has been made which reveals the links of war migration.
TopIntroduction
Today, the series of events that were developed by the globalization of the economy has become deeply influential in every society. Applications of capitalism which was defined as systemic crisis which enable to circulate the capital and searching constantly for new markets of manufacturers have led the world to become smaller as a global village by the words of McLuhan & Powers (2001).
An important factor in the world becoming a global village has developments in communication and transportation technologies. In the face of these developments, as nation-states gradually lose their power in the modern period, a new structure with the domination of international powers prevailed (Giddens, 2008). Increasingly globalization of politics as in the economy has become inevitable the formation of a new world order. Mainly the strong actors of Western powerful countries, even though countries such as Russia, China and Israel occasionally have conflicts among themselves, they have come together in their benefits and have united their forces in imperial sense and have shown these powers at every turn on third world countries like Asia, Africa and Middle East. This leads to confusion and chaos in the world and leads to internal confusion in the peripheral countries and jeopardizes the future of the countries in conflict and causes the loss of cultures and human rights violations.
The infrastructure of war migration has been largely processing by the interests of the imperial powers; it brings problems such as fear of the local people due to emigration, economic troubles, spoiled identities in terms of refugees, and life without statelessness. In this context, December 2010, known as the Arab Spring, was a milestone for Middle East geography. Since this date, after a Tunisian university student burned himself up, groups organized through social media initiated an action protesting to the management conception of their own country (Çağlayan, 2015, p. 194). This situation created a domino effect and spread from Tunisia to Egypt, then to Libya and finally to Syria, it has caused the war still continue in Syria. These crises have caused a great wave of immigration in the Middle East and the local civil war has transformed into a threatening and disturbing situation for the countries of the region. The chaos and complexity created by this situation in the world has brought up the question of what kind of policy should be followed regarding refugees and asylum seekers and this issue has also moved the countries of the UN and the West.
In this study, it is aimed to create a theory of war migration with the theory of immigration systems and migration networks of the migration wave caused by the war and conflict in the Middle East. This context is interpreted critically by evaluating the structural causes of migration, the macro, group and institutional practices as subjects in micro elements (Faist, 2003, pp. 57-61, Castles & Miller, 2008, p. 39) and was tried to construct the theoretical structure by conceptualization of war migration.