To the Question of Design and Manufacturing of Special Equipment for Mechanism of Pneumatic Power Receiving Mechanism

Introduction

In the modern world, the developers of new concepts in automotive industry increasingly deviate from the use of power units, and try to apply combined power systems. Vehicles with such systems are called “Hybrid Cars”.

The main reasons behind the development of a hybrid power plant are reducing the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere, which is very important for urban transport. This system allows you to reduce the emission of soot and hydrocarbons by 90%, nitrogen oxides - by 50%. At the same time fuel economy reaches 60%, and acceleration at the start of the movement has increased by 50%. In particular, a pneumatic power plant can be installed on cars that perform various tasks.

In turn, the mechanism of recuperation of the energy of compressed air during braking is a planetary transmission, and a set of related gears.

In the center is a solar gear coupled to four satellites, which are in a fixed position for each other. The element is a carrier, and the teeth of the largest ring gear are connected with the satellites. The design is quite simple mechanically, but its device provides tremendous opportunities for the transmission and summation of torque.

Each element of the planetary transmission is connected to a separate device: it was driven from the internal combustion engine, a sun gear with a compressor, which compresses the compressed air into the receiver, and a ring gear with a pneumatic engine.

It is the ring gear through the gearbox connected with the wheels. As a result, it is possible to have a very flexible connection and a universal division between the internal combustion engine and the pneumatic engine, while the vehicle can perform both parallel and sequential hybrids (Salenko & Yatsina, 2014).

In the process of energy recovery, the energy from the mop, mounted on the driving wheel, in the mode of braking leads to an extension of the charging time of the energy-saving element of the additional power unit. In particular, when using as an additional engine in a hybrid vehicle, the compressed air energy is used by the working chamber of the pneumatic engine for the torque conversion of Mkr, which is transmitted to the driving wheel through a hinge of equal angular velocities (HEAV).

In turn, the inhibitory process leads to the introduction of a recovery mechanism (Hertz, 1973; Salenko & Yatsina, 2012; Yatsina, 2013; Yatsyna & Litvinenko, 2008), which results in recuperation of energy of Erk (Figure 1).

Figure 1.

Schematic representation of the design of the driving wheel of a hybrid vehicle with recuperative braking

1. Crank mechanism; 2. Zapf; 3. Elastic wheel; 4. Brake shoe; 5. Brake drum; 6. Recuperator of compressed air energy; 7. Pendant; 8. Cylinders batteries; 9. Pneumomotor; 10. Body of the vehicle

It should be noted that in Figure 1 shows a schematic arrangement of the additional power unit on the driving wheel without a drive from the main propulsion.

Figure 2.

Three-dimensional model of the mechanism of the recuperation of the pneumatic propeller

Such a design is due to the fact that the alternate drive of the torque from the main and additional propulsion leads to the complication of the design of the transmission and the pivot node of the driving wheel, which, in turn, is complicated by the energy of the compressed air installed on the reel wheel mounted on the drum.

However, the manufacture of special equipment for the mechanism of energy recovery with a pneumatic engine requires new technologies and methods of quality control due to the conditions of operation of this mechanism and the peculiarities of the process of selection of used energy and its redistribution in the compressor-brake system.