E-Government
There are many definitions of the concept of e-government; it could be define as the relations between the governments and beneficiaries (governments, citizens and businesses) through the use of electronic means (Doong, H., & Wanga, H., Foxallc, G., 2010). Michael Blakemore and Roderick Dutton (2003) analyzed the strategy statements of e-government project implementations in several countries including: Brazil, Cambodia, Canada, Denmark, Dubai, Estonia, European Union, Ghana, Hong Kong, Hungary, Budapest, India, Ireland, Israel, Jordan, Pakistan, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Thailand, U.K., and U.S, and summarized the expectations of these nations from implementing an e-government project to be: Government to Citizen (G2C), Government to Government (G2G), Government to Business (G2B). An integrated society, where long distances and borders are not a problem anymore in it, in the contrary, saving time and fast services will be the new trend.
Many studies have sought to demonstrate aspects of the application of the concept of e-government as in the study (Hung S. et al., 2006, P.100) to which the application of the concept of e-government passes five stages are:
- 1.
The development phase of the fundamental cornerstones was examining the concept of e-government in general, policies, basic principles, and the development of elements of a successful e-government.
- 2.
Identifying technological applications, tools, and methods that will be followed to create, provide and develop e-government services and applications.
- 3.
Assessment and measurement-based e-government services to clarify the benefits of economic, social, or the public from the application of e-government.
- 4.
Development phase of administrative support and practical strategies include knowledge management, and management-oriented processes, and lifecycle management services, and customer relationship management, and e-government reputation management.
- 5.
Examine basic elements and factors affecting the acceptance, expectations, and the desire to take advantage of the services offered by e-government.