Abstract
Most Indian cities are experiencing rapid urbanization, and a majority of the country's population is expected to live in cities within a span of the next two decades. The rapid development in urban India has also resulted in a tremendous increase in the number of motor vehicles, and in some cities, this has doubled in the last decade. This is the main source of air pollution and poor ambient air quality impacting millions of dwellers. This chapter presents a review of the vehicular population in urban Indian cities with its pattern and determinants. The transport system is shared by two parts such as public transport as well as private transport system. To reduce the vehicular pollution, we have to emphasize on public transport system rather than private transport. In an underdeveloped country, it is very tough to use public transport. Due to lack of government fund, new technology, proper checking, etc., private cars, buses, and tracks are increased rapidly. We use these randomly for transport purposes. This causes pollution.
TopReview And Relevant Literature
Different studies have been done in the field of motor vehicular emissions in the different regions of the world, especially to establish the level of air pollution from the operation of motor vehicles and the general urban air quality as a whole. Three of such studies which have relevance to this study are: the vehicle activity study in Nairobi, Kenya, conducted in March 2001 by the U.S. EPA, CE-CERT5, and GSSR6 the evaluation of evaporative emissions from gasoline powered motor vehicles under South African conditions, conducted in 2003 by Van des Westhuisena et al. (2004); and the impact of automobile emissions on the level of platinum and lead in Accra, Ghana conducted in 2001 by Kylander et al. (2003). All of these find strong correlates between air pollution and vehicular efficiency (in the fuel use).
Key Terms in this Chapter
Developed Countries: Developed economies are the countries that enjoy certain high standards. Such countries generally have a good infrastructure, stable economy with very high per capita income. The degree of development, industrialization, and general standard of living for its citizens is very high.
Pollution: Pollution is something introduced into the environment that is dirty, unclean, or has a harmful effect.
Private Transport: Private transport (as opposed to public transport) is transportation service which is not available for use by the general public. Private transport is the dominant form of transportation in most of the world.
Public Transport: Public Transport is transport of passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public, typically managed on a schedule, operated on established routes, and that charge a posted fee for each trip.
Urban: An urban area or urban agglomeration is a human settlement with high population density and infrastructure of built environment. Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities, towns, conurbations, or suburbs.
Population: The whole number of people or inhabitants in a country or region.
Developing Countries: A developing country also called a less developed economy or underdeveloped country is a nation with an underdeveloped industrial base, and a low human development index (HDI) relative to other countries.
Vehicle: A vehicle is a machine such as a car, bus, or truck which has an engine ad is used to carry people from place to place.