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What is Activity-Based Costing (ABC)

Handbook of Research on Global Business Opportunities
A costing methodology that identifies activities performed within an organization and use them to assign the cost of resources to products or other cost object.
Published in Chapter:
Linking Cost Control to Cost Management in Healthcare Services: An Analysis of Three Case Studies
Michele Bertoni (University of Trieste, Italy), Bruno De Rosa (University of Trieste, Italy), Guido Grisi (University of Trieste, Italy), and Alessio Rebelli (Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria “Ospedali Riuniti” of Trieste, Italy)
Copyright: © 2015 |Pages: 37
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-6551-4.ch021
Abstract
The issue of healthcare costs has become increasingly problematic over the years. This chapter summarizes the problems faced by hospitals when measuring the costs of healthcare treatments, explaining how an Activity-Based Costing (ABC) framework can be successfully adopted in healthcare settings. After describing the theoretical foundations of cost control and cost management, the chapter continues with the analysis of three real-life applications of ABC in a hospital, drawn from the process analysis and activity-based costing experience developed at the Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria “Ospedali Riuniti” (Joint Hospitals) of Trieste, Italy. In particular, the cases are about cost measurement in cardiology, odontostomatology, and radiology, and describe the technical solutions applied for computing the costs of selected therapeutic and diagnostic treatments. A particular emphasis is placed on how these measures have been subsequently used by hospital managers and medical personnel in order to gain insights and to improve the efficiency of the processes developed within the organization.
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Activity-Based Costing System for a Small Manufacturing Company: A Case Study
“A methodology that measures the cost and performances of cost objects, activities and resources. Cost objects consume activities and activities consume resources. Resources costs are assigned to activities based on their use of those resources, and activity costs are reassigned to cost objects (outputs) based on the cost objects’ proportional use of those activities. Activity-Based costing incorporates causal relationships between cost objects and activities and between activities and resources.”
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The Method of Appraising Needs and Possibilities of Activity-Based Costing Implementation
ABC defined in the article “Activity-Based Costing System for a Small Manufacturing Company—A Case Study.”
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A costing method that is intended to allocate manufacturing overhead costs accurately. ABC aggregates costs by activity unit and performs two-step allocation calculations using resource drivers and activity drivers.
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