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What is Bottom-Up

Interdisciplinary and International Perspectives on 3D Printing in Education
Within the context of this chapter, bottom-up refers to the intrinsic drive of individuals to adopt new technologies or processes, as opposed to top-down forces like government policy and legislation forcing change.
Published in Chapter:
Re-Educating the Educators: Collaborative 3D Printing Education
James I. Novak (University of Technology Sydney, Australia)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7018-9.ch002
Abstract
Given the rapid integration of 3D printing into schools and universities, educators must equip themselves with new skills, class structures, procedures, and thinking, many of which may be challenging for teachers with non-technical expertise. Training in 3D printing and computer-aided design traditionally requires extended instruction and experience, which is unlikely to be practical for school teachers. This chapter explores how effective up-skilling can occur through one-day professional development workshops, where educators from all areas of teaching work together during intensive hands-on sessions to understand the foundational principles of 3D printing, become aware of the opportunities and limitations, and develop strategies together for implementing it into their curriculums. Through examination of the literature around 3D printing adoption in Australian schools, and an analysis of peer-reviewed research into short-format professional development, this chapter will help inform researchers, teachers, and those developing higher-level curriculum directives around 3D printing in schools.
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More Results
An Epistemological Gap in Simulation Technologies and the Science of Society
Originating in program development, the characteristic feature of a bottom-up methodology is to start by defining small elements of a program, such as an agent’s template. The system is than composed out of the individual elements. The terminology has been extended into a description of an approach to sociological theory that describes society through the interactions of individual agents.
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Si-NWs: Major Advances in Synthesis and Applications
Building larger structures from molecular building blocks.
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Raising Ethical Machines: Bottom-Up Methods to Implementing Machine Ethics
In general, any system that proceeds from the particular to the general or from the lowest level to the highest.
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