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What is Bribery, Extortion, and Facilitation

Handbook of Research on Business Ethics and Corporate Responsibilities
Bribery is an illegal payment to a public official or private individual intended to induce a policy decision; extortion is a demand by a public official or private individual for such payment using some explicit or implicit threat; facilitation, whether legal or illegal, is a gratuity payment to a minor level public official for expediting legally required action.
Published in Chapter:
Game-Theoretic Insights Concerning Key Business Ethics Issues Occurring in Emerging Economies
Duane Windsor (Rice University, USA)
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-7476-9.ch003
Abstract
This chapter identifies some game-theoretic insights concerning several key issues of business ethics typically occurring in emerging economies. The chapter explicates four elements in this sequence: nature of game theory, characteristics of emerging economies, fundamentals of business ethics, and key business ethics issues. The chapter emphasizes useful insights of game theory rather than undertaking formal modeling (examples are noted in references). Game theory assists reasoning about strategic scenarios for businesses. A multinational entity operates within layers of institutions and norms from the international to the national and sub-national levels. Such institutions and norms help structure the complex environment within which a multinational entity operates. The approach in this chapter is to inquire into certain specific decision scenarios available in the extant literature as instances of important classes of decision problems and to suggest game-theoretic responses. These scenarios concern long-term sustainable business models, corporate values, and corporate reputation.
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