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What is DEM/DTM

Chapter 45
Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technology
Digital elevation and digital terrain models of the earth surface, that take into account not only the topographic height of the terrain (normally expressed in meters above sea level) but also any variation over the land surface. Most of DEM and DTM are produced extracting and processing the contour and height information in topographical maps and aerial photography, but any measurable landform and any physical characteristic of a landscape can be elaborated in a DTM (e.g., pottery distributions or land-division elements).
Published in Chapter:
GIS Use in Landscape Archaeology
Cristina Corsi (Università di Cassino, Italy)
Copyright: © 2009 |Pages: 9
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59904-845-1.ch045
Abstract
Information technologies (ITs) entered and irreversibly changed the discipline of archaeology during the last 20 years of the second millennium. The first experiments involved databases and alphanumeric data processing, then in the late 1980s GPS technologies, associated with spatial data processing, were first tested to locate archaeological objects in the geographical space. Computer-aided design (CAD) software has progressively replaced the traditional procedures of topographical and architectural design, while “New Archaeology” and “Processual Archaeology” focusing their attention on the quantitative aspects of phenomena (Binford, 1989; Binford & Binford, 1968; Clarke, 1968; Clarke, 1977) adopted “spatial technologies”, consisting of computer-based applications concerned with the acquisition, storage and manipulation of spatial information (Wheatley & Gillings, 2002).
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