It is a diagram between Phase constant (ß) and Wave Number ( k ) is plotted with each propagating mode having different phase velocity, group velocity and fields vectors.
Published in Chapter:
Developments in Efficient Antenna Designs Using EBG Structures
Naveen Jaglan (Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, India), Samir Dev Gupta (Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, India), Binod Kumar Kanaujia (Jawaharlal Nehru University (J.N.U.), India), and Shweta Srivastava (Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, India)
Copyright: © 2017
|Pages: 51
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-0773-4.ch002
Abstract
Since 2002, when the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) released the bandwidth 3.1-10.6 GHz, there has been increasing interest in the use of UWB systems because of their low power consumption, low cost, precise positioning and promising candidate for short-range high-speed indoor data communications. Planar circular monopoles like designs are a good example for UWB applications due to their merits such as ease of fabrication, Acceptable radiation pattern, and large impedance bandwidth. However, some narrowband systems also operate in this frequency like WiMAX, WLAN and X-Band satellite downlink communication band etc. cause interference in UWB range. To overcome any interference with these systems it is desirable to design UWB antenna with band notches. However, most techniques of obtaining notches uses antenna design specific approaches therefore EBG structures can be used to obtain single and multi-notch antennas. The technique used for obtaining notches using EBG is antenna design independent and can be applied to most of the antennas without compromising antenna performance.