What is English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI)

This chapter offers an overview of English education in Vietnam, examining socioeconomic, historical, and political influences on foreign language policies. Scrutiny of English's crucial role follows analysis of determinants fundamental in shaping higher education after “Doi Moi.” Substantial transformations encompassing diversity and internationalization have transpired, yet deficits in students' English proficiency have impeded modernization and global integration. The chapter examines practical implementation of English as a foreign language in Vietnamese tertiary education. Despite governmental efforts to elevate students' English, impediments including shortages of qualified educators, widespread deficient proficiency, an examination system focused on grammar, and Confucian pedagogical approaches have hindered the efficacy of English instruction and learning. It concludes with recommendations for Vietnamese authorities, academic institutions, and EFL educators to enhance the quality of English pedagogy.