What is Enthalpy

Recently, the existence of toxic materials in our environment has caused severe concern to the living organism. The main causes for the contamination of such toxic materials in the environment are rapid industrialization and agricultural activities. The different toxic entities present in the environment mainly depend on the nature of the industry. However, some of the common generated toxic pollutants present in the water bodies are heavy metal ions, phenol, dyes, pesticides, insecticides, detergents, and a wide spectrum of aromatic compounds. Among those substance, heavy metals have been reported the major one for the last few decades. So, these heavy metals must be removed from the environment by proper techniques to save the society. The chapter deals with the different toxic material removal technologies and mathematical modeling.