What is Gender

Socially constructed definition of women and men. Gender is determined by the conception of tasks, functions, and roles attributed to women and men in society and in public and private life. Learn more in: Space as a Means of Stigma for Women in Turkish Cinema After 2000: The Case of the Film Mutluluk

Refers to the attitudes, feelings, and behaviors that a given culture associates with a person’s biological sex. Behavior that is compatible with cultural expectations is referred to as gender-normative; behaviors that are viewed as incompatible with these expectations constitute gender non conformity (APA). Learn more in: Fostering Entrepreneurship at the Spanish University: Does Gender Matter?

It is a concept that reveals the different responsibilities or duties expected by the society for a woman or a man just because of their gender. Learn more in: Ontic Narratives: A Study on Gender Narrative and the Legitimation Styles of Violence Against Women

The social behaviours and characteristics for male and female persons in a given society. Learn more in: Gender Equality and Relevant European Policies Regarding Vocational Education and Labour Market: A Case Study From Greece

Refers to the cultural construction of femininity and masculinity. Learn more in: Social Interaction Technologies: A Case Study of Guanxi and Women Managers' Careers in Information Technology in China

Gender is the sociological/ cultural definition of men and women that also connotes the power differences between men and women in all spheres of life. Learn more in: Conceptualizing Gender Mainstreaming and Women Empowerment in the 21st Century

The way of living depending on the biological sex, which is shaped by society. Learn more in: Gender and Patriarchy in Turkish Advertising: A Semiotic Analysis

A binary social construction that socially aligns all male bodied individuals into masculine identity and all female-bodied into feminine identity. All that is male, is not female and all that is female, is not male. Learn more in: Exploring Ethical Consumption for Equity and Inclusiveness: Bridging Thoughts and Action of Consumers

Relating to the sex of a person. Learn more in: Classroom Equity and the Role of a Teacher Leader: Making Classrooms Equitable to All Students

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The state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones). Learn more in: Personal Blogging: Individual Differences and Motivations

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The culturally specific set of characteristics that identifies the social behaviour of women and men and the relationship between them. Learn more in: Gender Mainstreaming in Development

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Gender is social construct about behavior regarded as appropriate for the members of each sex. Gender does not refer to the physical attributes in terms of which men and women differ, but to socially form trait of masculinity and femininity. It is the man-woman distinction. Learn more in: Theological Response to the Culture of Necrogamy in Ibibio Land

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Refers to the masculine and feminine type, it is physical, behavior, and biological traits, traditionally associated with sex, but is used to describe the characteristics of women and men that are socially constructed, while sex refers to those that are biologically determined. Learn more in: Brain as a Social Organ

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The state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones) Learn more in: Social Influence and Computer Mediated Communication

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As indicated in student record data, gender includes the categories male, female, and other/unknown. Learn more in: The Effect of Membership in an Online Cohort Major on Baccalaureate Degree Completion

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The physical and/or social condition of being male or female. Learn more in: Human Capital Formation for the Fourth Industrial Revolution: The Role of Women

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Is a cultural construct which assigns roles according to sex type. Learn more in: Tanzania Textbooks, Curriculum and Politics: A Documentary Analysis

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The social and cultural differences attributed to men and women by different societies. Learn more in: That's My Space: Ageing, Gender, and Survival in Ugandan Theatre

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Gender refers to the roles, behaviours, activities, attributes and opportunities that any society considers appropriate for girls and boys, and women and men. Gender interacts with, but is different from, the binary categories of biological sex. Learn more in: Gendered Spaces of the Devil: Reflecting Upon Space and Femininity in Lucifer TV Series Through Deleuze's Baroque House Allegory

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Refers to the two sexes (male and female) with reference to sociocultural difference rather than biological status. It is acknowledged that individual choice enables individuals to identify as male, female or a non-specific gender. Learn more in: Characteristic and Agentic Qualities of Women Leaders Amidst Global Crises: Lessons for Higher Education

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Refers to the social gender role or the social gender qualities; everything that is typically assiociated with men and women within a certain culture. Learn more in: Distance Education Teaching Methods in Childcare Management

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Gender refers to the characteristics of women, men, girls, and boys that are socially constructed. This includes norms, behaviours and roles associated with being a woman, man, girl, or boy, as well as relationships with each other. As a social construct, gender varies from society to society and can change over time. Gender is hierarchical and produces inequalities that intersect with other social and economic inequalities. Gender-based discrimination intersects with other factors of discrimination, such as ethnicity, socioeconomic status, disability, age, geographic location, gender identity and sexual orientation, among others. Learn more in: Baby Boomers and Their Influence in the Colombian Organizational and Entrepreneurial Context

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Either of the two sexes (male and female), especially when considered with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones. The term is also used more broadly to denote a range of identities that do not correspond to established ideas of male and female. Learn more in: The Relationship Between Old Institutional Economics (OIE) and Feminist Economics: An Essay on Veblen and Feminist Economics

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The social and cultural construction of the relation between men and women. Learn more in: Gender and ICT Policy for Development and Empowerment: A Critique of a National ICT Policy

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Social and cultural meanings, roles, beliefs, and norms associated with biological sex. Learn more in: Gender and Sexuality in Physical Education and Health Curricula in Japan: Feminist, Human Rights, and Anthropological Lenses

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Is a socio-economic variable for analysing roles responsibilities, opportunities and needs of men and women in a given context. Learn more in: Gender Digital Divide and National ICT Policies in Africa

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Implies socially constructed phenomena not residing inside the human as being a man or women, rather bringing about redefinitions of subjectivities and subject positions over time. Learn more in: Critical Conceptualization of Women's Entrepreneurship: Reflections on the Turkish Entrepreneurship Ecosystem

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The cultural system of differentiation regulating sexual identity. Learn more in: Gamers, Gender, and Representation

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A socially constructed social identity based on an individual’s sex, outward expression and internal identification as male, female, genderqueer, genderfluid, gender nonconforming, etc. Learn more in: Teaching Up: Female Sociologists Teaching About Privilege

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The state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones). Learn more in: Missing Gender Concerns in Development-Induced Displacement and Resettlement: The Case of India

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Gender is defined as the socially constructed roles and socially learned behaviours and expectations of women and men in a particular society. Learn more in: Gendering Information and Communication Technologies in Climate Change

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A socially assigned role to women or men that attributes social meaning to biological differences between sexes. Learn more in: Women in Transition: Institutional Change and Women's Situation in Poland

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From the Latin genus “sort”; a range of the characteristics, relating to masculinity and femininity. Learn more in: The Symbolism of Archaic Rites, Signs, and Superstitions of Teleuts

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It is the whole of the roles that society expects from women and men other than biological sex. Learn more in: Overview of Gender With Examples From Turkish Media

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This is the sex type a participant belongs to. It is used as a synonym of sex in this chapter. Learn more in: Gender Consciousness in Computer-Mediated Discourse in Nigeria

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Individuals’ feelings based on their ‘gender identity’, in other words; feelings of ‘maleness and femaleness’. Learn more in: Workload and Burnout From a Gender Perspective

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The culturally and socially constructed definition of being male or female. Learn more in: Women in Leadership: Barriers to Upward Social Mobility

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Socially constructed and defined roles, expectations etc. that attributed to different sexes. Learn more in: Gender Representation in New Media Through Global Calendar Photographs

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Individuals’ psychological, social, and cultural characteristics, which are constructed and communicated via a variety of channels that may include expressions, traits, and social roles and are often, though not always, associated with one’s sex. Learn more in: Communicating Transgender Identity

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Noun that identifies and socially differentiates men and women, traditionally used as a synonym for sex: male and female. Learn more in: May That Nothing Limit Us, May That Nothing Define Us: The Context of Women Entrepreneurs in Startups

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The meaning and socio-cultural differences between males and females. Learn more in: The Challenges and Responsibilities of White Women in Leadership: Strategies for Interrogating Whiteness in Higher Education

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Socially constructed definition of women and men. Gender is determined by the conception of tasks, functions and roles attributed to women and men in society and in public and private life. Learn more in: Man, Masculinity, and Violence in Turkish Cinema After 2000: The Case of Kenan Imirzalioglu

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It is expressed in the form of socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities and approaches that a certain society deems appropriate for women and men (General Directorate of Women's Status, 2016). Learn more in: Evaluation of Women's Perspectives in the East Societies on New Media News

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Socially constructed roles. Learn more in: Women and IT in Lilongwe

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refers to the differences between men and women. Learn more in: The Importance of Gender, IT Experience, and Media-Rich Social Cues on Initial Trust in E-Commerce Websites

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The state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones). Learn more in: Representation of Women in the Connecting of the Public Space Area/Special Area: Mother!

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The traits associated with one sex or the other. Learn more in: Gender and Technology

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Behaviors, values, clothing, and other social and cultural attributes that are portrayed and perceived as appropriate to a particular sex. Learn more in: Femininities and Technologies: Gender Identities and Relations in Video Games

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Refers to the attitudes, feelings, and behaviors that a given culture associates with a person's biological sex. Learn more in: Queering the Curriculum: An Exploratory Study of Teachers' Perceptions on Integrating LGBTQ+-Inclusive Curriculum

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The differential conceptualization of man and woman based on their prescribed, socialization, and assigned roles in the society. Learn more in: Engendering the Field of STEM

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It is used to refer to socially constructed roles and cultural representations. Learn more in: The Child Rearing Roles and Responsibilities of Women in Terms of Gender

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Role of male or female in society. Learn more in: Leading During a Crisis

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A range of identities that do not only correspond to male and female. In this chapter, the focus is on discrimination of a group of persons based upon their gender identities. Learn more in: Service-Learning and Social Justice for College and University Students: Replacing Memorization with Meaning

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The state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones). Learn more in: Social Gender Representation in the Context of the Representation Problem in the Media

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Roles and responsibilities attributed to women and men in society Learn more in: Gender Equality and Sustainable Development Within the Scope of Peace as a Global Public Good

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A determination of characteristics of females and males based on chromosomal designation of the X and Y chromosomal pairing. Learn more in: Technology, the 21st Century Workforce, and the Construct of Social Justice

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Social construction of identity and roles based on normative values Learn more in: What Use is Domestication Theory to Information Systems Research?

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Refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women. Learn more in: Social Exclusion and Poverty: EU 2020 Objectives and Turkey

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The concept of gender refers to the roles, learned behaviors and expectations that are determined by the society for women and men, apart from the biological differences of women and men. Learn more in: Gender Representations in Cartoons: Niloya and Biz Ikimiz

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The range of physical, mental, and behavioral characteristics pertaining to, and differentiating between, masculinity and femininity. Learn more in: Critical Study of Gender and Teacher-Designed Interactive Educational Websites

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The social dimension of being male or female Learn more in: The Impact of Gender and Age on Consumer Responsiveness to Permission-Based Mobile Advertising

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Refers to the social construct established to distinguish between males and females. Learn more in: Women and STEM

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The socially defined roles of males and female. This vary from one community to another. Learn more in: Female Entrepreneurship in Africa: An Inquiry Into the Influence of Rotating Savings and Credit Associations on Business Growth

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The state of being male or female that is typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones. Learn more in: Stress and Anxiety Among Parents of Children With Communication Disorders

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This is a social construction that refers to the roles developed by male and female in response to their environment, especially concerning socio-cultural differences rather than biological ones. Learn more in: Gender Differences in Access to and Use of ICTs in Nigeria

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Gender is a social construct that denotes social roles to different gender identities (e.g. man, woman) based on social and cultural norms of society. Gender is fluid, dynamic, and gender roles change from society to society and over time. Learn more in: Emerging Challenges: The Experiences of Turkish Women Immigrants in Saudi Arabia

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The socially constructed characteristics of women and men – such as norms, roles, and relationships of and between women and men. Learn more in: Gender Characteristics: Implication for Cross-Cultural Online Learning

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A cultural construct of femininity and masculinity as opposed to the biological sex that humans are born with. Learn more in: Designing an E-Learning Curriculum

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A dichotomy distinguishing males and females. The women or females are usually referred to as the weaker vessels. In matter of equal access between males and females in Africa, males have usually more liberties and chances. Learn more in: Gender and National Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Policies in Africa

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The term is defined in the Istanbul Convention as the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for women and men. Learn more in: Representing and Othering Oriental Women After 9/11: An Analysis of Body of Lies

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The sex of individuals (male or female). Learn more in: Gender Equality in Access to Management in the Tourism Industry

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Refers the distance learner’s biological state of being either male or female. Learn more in: Distance Learning in Kenyan Universities: The Relationship between Learners' Characteristics and Academic Performance

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Refers to the socially-constructed set of expectations, behaviours and activities of women and men which are attributed to them on the basis of their sex. Learn more in: Analysis of the Concept of Femicide: A Study of 102 Concepts

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A set of ideas, beliefs, practices and social prescriptions that a culture develops from the anatomical difference between women and men, to symbolize and socially build what “characterizes” men (masculine) versus women (feminine). Learn more in: Religion and Spirituality Empowering Female Refugee Entrepreneurship

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A general concept that covers all the common characteristics of a given group, class, etc. Learn more in: MOOCs as a Pedagogical and Strategic Tool in the Implementation of Institutional Policies Related to Gender Inequality in Educational Institutions

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It is the social structure that determines the expectations, values, images, behaviors, roles, beliefs of men and women in a society. Learn more in: Presentation of Female Character Subjectification in Iranian Cinema

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A sociocultural expression of particular characteristics and roles attributed to people with reference to their sex and sexuality. Learn more in: The Cultural Impact of Hidden Curriculum on Language Learners: A Review and Some Implications for Curriculum Design

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It is a pair of social roles based on the person’s gender, roles to which people identify or not. Learn more in: Girls' Child Education Challenges and Solutions in MENA Countries: Case Study of Tunisia

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The social dimension of the female and male sexes. Learn more in: Women's Empowerment as a Tool for Sustainable Development of Higher Education and Research in the Digital Age

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The definition of sexuality in the social process. Learn more in: Gender Construction in Transmedial Narration: Star Wars Transmedia and Fandom

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Representative of an individual’s gender identity (personal perception of their gender) and gender expression (e.g., clothing, pronouns, mannerisms), regardless of social constructs related to their sex assigned at birth (e.g., male, female, intersex). Learn more in: Culturally Affirming School Counseling for LGBTGEQIAP+ Youth

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Gender roles shaped by social norms. Learn more in: Gender in the Honky Tonk as a Space of Representation: The Film Dutturu Dunya

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The interpretations of the biological realities associated to the two sexes which are defined and perceived through the prism of human conventions that regularize and organize behavior, thoughts, and roles in society. Learn more in: Deconstructing Stereotypes in the Discourse of the Irish Republic: The Irish Woman Through the Lens of the Celtic Tiger and Post-Celtic Tiger Short Story

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The definition of sexuality in the social process. Learn more in: Otherization of Oriental Woman in Cinema

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The state of being male or female and generally used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones. Learn more in: Gender Discrimination in Tourism Industry

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A contested, sliding term often used to refer to the attitudes, feelings and behaviors that a given society considers appropriate to a person’s biological sex, which may not be the same as one’s gender identity. Learn more in: BOLD Ideas for Creative Social Networking: An Invitational Discussion

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The state of being masculine (male) or feminine (female). Learn more in: Leveraging Workforce Diversity through a Critical Examination of Intersectionalities and Divergences between Racial Minorities and Sexual Minorities

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The definition of sexuality in the social process. Learn more in: Harem and Woman From Orientalist Pictures to the Cinema: Harem Suare

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A sociological term that refers to the ways in which men and women are socially conditioned to take on constructed male and female roles in society. Learn more in: Women, Information and Communication Technologies, and Lifelong Learning

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Gender refers to the socially constructed characteristics of women and men. Learn more in: The Use of Metadiscourse Markers in Dissertations Produced by MATESOL Students

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Regards the social construction perspective upon men and women, which divides individuals according to norms and their roles and relationships. Learn more in: Inequalities: A Concern for Capitalism and Global Strategy

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Is a term widely used to signify the socially or culturally determined roles, behaviours, attributes, or activities that a given society considers appropriate for men and women in that society. Learn more in: Towards Nonviolent Gender Relations in Africa: An Introduction to Inter-Gender Dialogue

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In the context of climate change is described as socially constructed norms, roles, and relations that a given society considers appropriate for men and women. Learn more in: Climate Change: Inclusion of Gender and Cultural Diversity in Climate Change Actions

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Refers to the socially constructed norms that denote the roles of men and women in society. Learn more in: Large-Scale Land Acquisitions, Livelihoods, and Gender Configurations in Zimbabwe

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The utilization of infrastructure that is socially conditioned by differentials in the daily routines of women relative to men, which are based on the social differentiations in their domestic and commercial roles. Learn more in: Infrastructure Governance at Sub-National Level: The Case of Kampala City in Uganda

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A range of identities for either of the sexes especially when considered with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological. Learn more in: Influence of Some Sociodemographic Factors on Causes of Death Among South African Youth

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Is a socially assigned role to women or men that attributes social meaning to biological differences between sexes. Learn more in: Gender and Industrial Creativity in Poland

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Term used to determine an individual’s role and responsibilities as female and male. These roles are learned and vary among cultures across the world. Gender is not sexual or biological; instead, it is a social being. Learn more in: How Closing the Digital Divide Can Improve Women's Employability

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Socially constructed differences between men and women, boys, and girls. Learn more in: The Evolution of Gender Studies and Its Impact on the African Society in the 21st Century

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The features that distinguish males and females in terms of the norms they follow in the society. Learn more in: Gender and Language: A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Second Language Writing

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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), gender refers to the characteristics of women, men, girls, and boys that are socially constructed. This includes norms, behaviors, and roles associated with being a woman, man, girl, or boy, as well as relationships with each other. As a social construct, gender varies from society to society and can change over time. Learn more in: Where Are the Male Victims of Human Trafficking?: On the Invisibility of Male Trafficking Victims

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Either of the two main sexes which are male and female, particularly when considered with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones. Learn more in: Images of Women Resisting the Tide

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Gender can be defined as the characteristics of women and men which are socially determined. These characteristics can be influenced by many factors such as culture, tradition and religion. Learn more in: Impact of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the Advancement and Empowerment of African Women

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The state of being male or female (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones) Learn more in: Social Influence and Computer Mediated Communication

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Gender describes the characteristics of men and women which are socially determined, in contrast to those which are biologically determined. Sex is the biological differentiation between male and female while gender refers to the differentiation between masculinity and femininity; the latter is constructed through socialization, religion, education etc. Learn more in: Students' Evaluation of a MOODLE Resource in the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

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Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, attitudes and behaviours that are generally considered to be socially appropriate for men and women. Learn more in: The Rise of Cyberstalking

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Gender Expression refers to how a person dresses, communicates, and otherwise moves through their world, regarding and/or disregarding cultural expectations and symbols of masculinity, femininity, and androgyny. Gender Identity refers to how a person feels/identifies as an individual living in a world of gender-specific expectations, stereotypes, and language. Learn more in: Sociopolitical Implications to Consider When Working With the LGBTQIA+ Community

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The concept referring that the meaning of being female or male not only covers the biological, genetic and physiological but also the historical, social and cultural concerns. Learn more in: The Construction of the Social Reality From the News Narrative to Transmedia Storytelling: A Research on the Masculine Violence and the Social Reflexes

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This is rendered as social and cultural construct. Gender is viewed as a set of male and female behavioral and mental potentials that are shaped and developed by particular societies. Studying gender across cultures also allows us to appreciate and perhaps to refute arguments about the essential differences between women and men. At the same time, such comparative studies permit us to identify and celebrate any true universals about men and women. Learn more in: Virtual Political Office Where Gender and Culture Meet

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A socially created term assigned to individuals based on biological aspects such as specific genitalia. Learn more in: Identity, Roles, and Choices Within the Space of the “Home” in Vijay Tendulkar's Kamala

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It expresses the gender roles that societies expect from men and women. Learn more in: Representations of Masculinities in Gaya Jiji's Film Named My Favorite Fabric

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Refers to sexual identity in relation to culture and society. Learn more in: The Role of Deceptive Communication and Gender in Shaping Online Dating Interactions: A Discursive Approach

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One of the variables that can influence the creation of a business. Learn more in: Business Creation Based on Entrepreneurial Potential, Students' Characteristics and Gender

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Term used to determine an individual’s role and responsibilities as female and male. These roles are learned and vary among cultures across the world. Gender is not sexual or biological; rather, it is a social being. Learn more in: How Bangladesh Is Increasing the Employability of Females With Technical Training Programs

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The behavioral, social, and cultural distinctions which communities make about males and females, rather than biological ones. Learn more in: Women in Higher Education in Nigeria: Challenges and Responses

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A social construction which stipulates gender roles and implicitly and explicitly categorizes people and social behaviors. Learn more in: Working, Caring, Surviving: The Gender Dynamics of Remote Work in Brazil Under COVID-19

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A social construction of the expectations, rights and privileges that societies have decided that females and males should follow. Learn more in: Age, Race and Gender Issues Related to On-line Learning

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Refers to a sexual category that divides people into two groups: men and women ( Tømte, 2012 ). Learn more in: Researching the Use of Communication Technologies in Higher Education Institutions in Portugal

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Characteristics that are associated with being male or female. Learn more in: Managing a Diverse Workforce

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A socially assigned role to women or men that attributes social meaning to biological differences between sexes. Learn more in: Time Allocation and the Life Cycle of Women and Men in Poland

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A socially constructed category used to assign individuals as male or female. Learn more in: Intersectionality and the Construction of Inclusive Schools

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Sexual identity and role established in cultural terms. Learn more in: Mental Illness and Women in Cinema: “Beautiful and Troubled Women”

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