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What is Geographical Information System (GIS)

Chapter 42
Handbook of Research on Geoinformatics
A computerized database system used for the capture, conversion, storage, retrieval, analysis and display of spatial objects.
Published in Chapter:
Geographic Visual Query Languages and Ambiguities Treatment
Arianna D’Ulizia (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IRPPS, Italy), Fernando Ferri (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IRPPS, Italy), and Patrizia Grifoni (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, IRPPS, Italy)
Copyright: © 2009 |Pages: 9
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-59140-995-3.ch042
Abstract
The main issues of spatial databases and Geographic Information System (GIS), concern the representation, the management and the manipulation of a large and complex number of spatial objects and spatial relationships. In these systems many concepts are spatial and, therefore they are intrinsically related with a visual representation, which makes also easier to formulate queries by non-expert users. The main problems in visual query languages for spatial databases concern imprecision, spatial integrity and ambiguities in query formulation. Our concern in this chapter is with the ambiguity of visual geographical queries. In particular, a review of existing visual query languages for spatial databases and their classification on the grounds of the methodology adopted to resolve the ambiguity problem are provided.
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Chapter 12
Drawing, Information, and Design: Tools and Perspective for Conservation
A GIS provides geographical visualization that is able to produce, manage and analyze spatial data, associating one or more alphanumeric descriptions with each geographical element.
Published in Chapter: Drawing, Information, and Design: Tools and Perspective for Conservation; From: Handbook of Research on Emerging Technologies for Architectural and Archaeological Heritage
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Chapter 1
Action Research Methods
A system for managing spatial data and associated attributes. In the strictest sense, it is a computer system capable of integrating, storing, editing, analyzing, and displaying geographically-referenced information. In a more generic sense, GIS is a smart map tool that allows users to create interactive queries, analyze the spatial information, and edit data.
Published in Chapter: Action Research Methods; From: Encyclopedia of Developing Regional Communities with Information and Communication Technology
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Chapter 42
Research Trends in Information Systems From the Management Discipline Based on Co-Occurrence Analysis
Is an ensemble of hardware, software and geographic data that facilitates the capture, storage, analysis, and presentation of any type of information related to geography or spatial data.
Published in Chapter: Research Trends in Information Systems From the Management Discipline Based on Co-Occurrence Analysis; From: Encyclopedia of Organizational Knowledge, Administration, and Technology
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Chapter 9
Using GIS in Disaster Response Operations: A Case Study of Locating Logistics Depots in Istanbul
GIS is a computer-based system which has the capacity to obtain, store, sort, and display information graphically.
Published in Chapter: Using GIS in Disaster Response Operations: A Case Study of Locating Logistics Depots in Istanbul; From: Information Technology Applications for Crisis Response and Management
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Chapter 6
Designing Educational Paths in Virtual Worlds for a Successful Hands-On Learning: Cultural Scenarios in NetConnect Project
system which recognizes user’s geographical position and allows him to easily identify the most convenient route. It allows also the management of thematic maps consisting of different superimposed layers (each layer is a spatial dataset containing a common feature type representing objects, events and phenomena from real world) and extracting interesting aspects of a fixed territory. In this way the user is able to virtually travel across the area, increasing or reducing the scale level of the representation and choosing the features more interesting to visualize.
Published in Chapter: Designing Educational Paths in Virtual Worlds for a Successful Hands-On Learning: Cultural Scenarios in NetConnect Project; From: Handbook of Research on 3-D Virtual Environments and Hypermedia for Ubiquitous Learning
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Chapter 109
Web-Based Public Participatory GIS
A system for managing spatial data and associated attributes. In the strictest sense, it is a computer system capable of integrating, storing, editing, analyzing, and displaying geographically-referenced information. In a more generic sense, GIS is a smart map tool that allows users to create interactive queries, analyze the spatial information, and edit data.
Published in Chapter: Web-Based Public Participatory GIS; From: Encyclopedia of Decision Making and Decision Support Technologies
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Chapter 50
A Decision Based Support System Based on GIS Technology
An information system able to collect both geographical and alphanumerical data.
Published in Chapter: A Decision Based Support System Based on GIS Technology; From: Encyclopedia of Healthcare Information Systems
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Chapter 659
A Web-Geographical Information System to Support Territorial Data Integration
Information system storing geographical data along with alphanumeric and spatial components. GIS systems also provide the data structures and algorithms to represent and efficiently query a collection of geographical data.
Published in Chapter: A Web-Geographical Information System to Support Territorial Data Integration; From: Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition
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