What is Illiquidity Trap

The authors add the monetary insights of Hyman Minsky to the ‘real' Kalecki-Levy equation. The latter is embedded in the economics of Keynes and the former is expanded in the spirit of Minsky. They present their structural connections in a four-quadrant diagram as well as within a stock-flow-consistent model. The motivation arises from history and the revitalisation of the real bills doctrine. Accordingly, they make the case for the productive monetary emissions of a central bank acting in concert with the community of commercial banks. They define money as the emission of credit in the ‘first moment' of the circuit. It is simultaneously the wage bill. Workers will consume basics and are free to prefer liquidity in the form of bank deposits. The latter they label cash or currency and a firewall separates it from money. The objective is the increase in output and employment called upon by the milieu in all countries of the world in which the 'dark forces' of uncertainty and pessimism have taken over. The policy stance is embellished by the introduction of central bank digital money.