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What is Individualism

The Psychology and Dynamics Behind Social Media Interactions
The belief that each person is more important than the needs of the whole group or society.
Published in Chapter:
Cyberbullying: Negative Interaction Through Social Media
Michelle F. Wright (Pennsylvania State University, USA)
Copyright: © 2020 |Pages: 29
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-9412-3.ch005
Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to examine cyberbullying through social media among youth. Drawing on research from a variety of disciplines, such as psychology, education, social work, sociology, and computer science, this chapter is organized into seven sections. These sections include 1) background; (2) youths' characteristics and risk factors; (3) negative psychosocial and academic outcomes; (4) theoretical framework; (5) solutions and recommendations; (6) future research directions; and (7) conclusion. The chapter will draw on multidisciplinary qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-design research methodologies from psychology, sociology, social work, and criminology.
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Cross-Cultural Leadership
The belief that the individual is dominant in social life and that the interests of the individual are more important and superior than those of the society.
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Dysphagia Management in Culturally-Linguistically Diverse Populations
A societal view that places the needs of the individual as the priority. Decisions made are to benefit the individual.
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Social Media Intensity, EWOM, and Conspicuous Consumption among American, Korean, and Thai Consumers
The degree to which people in a society emphasize independence and a concept of self rather than of the group.
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Culturally-Sensitive E-Learning Practices for Career and Technical Education
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The Need for Global Standards in Biomedical Ethics and the Qualitative Methodology
Entails rights rather than duties accrued to individual; it ascribes the right to make decisions pertaining to oneself; personal freedom of choice, wellbeing and independent thinking.
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Gamification: Athletic Coaching vs. Executive Coaching
Focused on the freedom of individuals to choose their own actions and pathways.
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Culturally Determined Preferences: Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) Systems vs. Live Help
This refers to a behavior where a person focuses on themselves and seeks to get things done on their own, because that is how they are wired—the do-it-yourself person who relishes individual accomplishment.
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Cyberbullying: Definition, Behaviors, Correlates, and Adjustment Problems
The belief that each person is more important than the needs of the whole group or society.
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Intercultural Competences as a Trust Factor in Virtual Team Work
The concept of individualism has been employed by such authors as Hosfstede (1991 AU25: The in-text citation "Hosfstede (1991" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ) or Trompenaars and Hampden-Turner (1998) to define those cultures which value individual independence and priorities individual objectives.
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Hispanic/Latino Immigrant Women's Social Stressors: Silenced Voices
Orientation in culture that values independence and places emphasis and value on self-reliance.
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Cyberbullying: The Dark Side of Digital Interactions
The belief that each person is more important than the needs of the whole group or society.
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Cultural Issues in Global Collaborative Education
The tendency of people to only look after themselves and their immediate family.
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Impact of Culture on Service Failures and Service Recoveries
Refers to people’s level of acting individually or as team members.
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Cross-Cultural Management of the European Textile and Clothing Industries: Application of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions
A cultural dimension of Hofstede’s model that represents the degree to which people prefer to act as individuals rather than as members of a group.
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Youths and Cyberbullying: Description, Theories, and Recommendations
The belief that each person is more important than the needs of the whole group or society.
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Culturally-Biased Language Assessment: Collectivism and Individualism
A theory maintaining the independence of the individual and stressing individual initiative, action, and interests.
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Cyberbullying: Prevalence, Characteristics, and Consequences
The belief that each person is more important than the needs of the whole group or society.
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State Legislative Process: Politics and the Urban and Rural Divide
A belief that all individuals should be able to succeed based on their talents and abilities, regardless of group characteristics.
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What Motivates Young Technology-Literate Consumers in Densely Populated Areas?
A cultural dimension characterized by preference and priority for self over a group.
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The Nature of Cyberbullying Among Youths
The belief that each person is more important than the needs of the whole group or society.
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American Psycho Universe: Capitalism, Blood, and Sequels
Philosophical stance that highlights the significance of the individual over the collective, advocating for personal freedom and individual autonomy.
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The Networked Self: Collectivism Redefined in Civic Engagements through Social Media Causes
Can be defined as a preference for a loosely-knit social framework in which individuals are expected to take care of only themselves and their immediate families.
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The Empathy Paradox: Increasing Disconnection in the Age of Increasing Connection
Individualism (or independent self-construal) is the tendency to see oneself as a unique individual, who is distinct and separate from others. Typically people scoring high in individualistic traits value assertiveness, achievement, and personal abilities. Individualism is usually discussed in contrast with collectivism (or interdependent self-construal), which is the tendency to see oneself as more interconnected with others and part of larger relational and group contexts. Western cultures are typically found to be more individualistic compared to Eastern cultures, which are more collectivistic.
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Language Gap: Cultural Assumptions and Ideologies
A social construct that describes an orientation toward the world that is centered on the individual rather than the collective.
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Time of Our Lives: Reproducing Inequality in a Culture of Compulsory Progress
A characteristic of white supremacy culture that involves the expectation that one is solely responsible for their own decisions and actions, disregarding contextual factors that also constrain or enable behaviors.
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Cultural Impacts on the Spread of Mobile Commerce: An International Comparison
The extent to which people are expected to stand up for themselves and consider their own well-being in any decisions. Dimension for quantifying culture with Hofstede’s framework.
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Culture and Anonymity in GSS Meetings
A preference for a loose-knit social framework in a society in which individuals are only supposed to take care of themselves and their immediate families. This is opposed to collectivism, which implies a preference for a tightly knit social framework in which individuals can expect their relatives and clan to protect them in exchange for loyalty.
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The Socratic Guide on My Side: The Epistemic Function of Learning and Our Need for Guides
The idea that people are unique, separate, disconnected beings; often contrasted with the idea of a community—a group of people in close, intimate connection.
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Developing Trust within International Teams: The Impacts of Culture on Team Formation and Process
People in individualistic cultures tend to define themselves apart from a group and display individual characteristics and choices. In an individualistic culture, an emphasis is placed on those actions and attributes that support individual freedoms and choices.
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