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What is Accountability

Preparing Agriculture and Agriscience Educators for the Classroom
How teachers hold students in compliance with rules and expectations, may include actions geared toward discipline.
Published in Chapter:
Managing the Classroom and Laboratory
Michael L. Pate (Utah State University, USA) and Robert Bud McKendree (Michigan State University, USA)
Copyright: © 2022 |Pages: 17
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-3420-8.ch009
Abstract
This chapter focuses on management strategies for classroom and laboratory instruction for school-based agricultural education teacher preparation. Specifically, the focus is on teaching methods, techniques, and strategies to proactively sustain positive student engagement in activities to prevent behavioral issues that disrupt the learning process. Characteristics and guidelines for instructional technology are discussed for effective management of student learning. Management practices for both instructional spaces and student behavior are incorporated. Highlights of underlying causes of behavior such as issues within social and psychological disruptions provide context for student engagement efforts. A portion of the chapter differentiates appropriate professional interactions of teachers with students. Behavior scenarios are utilized to provide application of theoretical concepts.
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Going Deep, Wide, and Long: The Professional Endurance of Teacher Researchers
A descriptor applied to education reforms intended to make schools—and especially teachers—accountable to the public, i.e., taxpayers. Critics suggest such top-down policies, rather than fostering school improvement, narrow the curriculum and hasten teacher burnout.
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Integrating Media Literacy Into Mathematics: A Possible Solution to Inequity in Mathematics Instruction
The practice of holding districts, schools, and educators responsible for academic achievement of students, typically based on standardized test results.
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Socio-Instrumental Pragmatism in Action
From a social action perspective, accountability may be conceived as the feasibility for a person to make sense of the social grounds and purposes of their actions, thus act in a well-informed, responsible, and auditable manner.
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Board-Level Diversity Management as a Strategy to Enhance Organizational Performance
The fact or condition of being accountable. It is an obligation to accept responsibility. Management, for example, needs to care about using public money to the best possible advantage.
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A New Model and Theory of Asynchronous Creativity
A team member is responsible for the quality of his/her input.
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The Social Derivation of Technical Systems
The ability to hold a person responsible for their actions, allowing them to be questioned, restrained or punished.
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Direct Democracy Practices of Local Authorities in Turkey
It is answerability and assumption of responsibility for actions of public officials and politicians. It ensures that actions and decisions are subject to oversight in order to guarantee that government initiatives meet the stated objectives and respond to the needs of the community.
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Information Security and Risk Management
The assignment of responsibilities and traceability of actions to all involved parties.
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Ethical Rationality in AI: On the Prospect of Becoming a Full Ethical Agent
The status of being accountable and responsible for something, such as actions or products. Ethically speaking, it entails minding and explicitly clarifying the relevant context, causes, and implications for what one is accountable.
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Assessing the Effectiveness of a Basic Writing Course
Accountability is the commitment of a program or organization to be forthcoming with the way that it is meeting its outlined goals.
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Communicating a Professional Image
The fact or condition of being accountable; responsibility.
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Open Challenges and Research Issues of XAI in Modern Smart Cities
The responsibility of an AI system's developers and operators to ensure that it operates in an ethical and legal manner, and that its outcomes are fair and transparent.
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Young People-Sensitive and Participatory Governance Approaches: Lessons for the Zimbabwean Government
The assumption of responsibility for actions by decision-makers, the engagement by civil society in holding these decision-makers to account for their actions, and decision-makers’ responsibility to respond constructively to those holding them to account.
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The Process of Modernization of the Public Accounting Systems in the Central American Countries
Obligation of the government to provide information about their decisions and actions and to justify them to the public.
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Corporate and Financial Social Leadership in Emerging Markets and the Developing World
Accountability refers to the expectation of having to justify actions to others (Lerner & Tetlock, 1994 AU114: The in-text citation "Lerner & Tetlock, 1994" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ). Accountability provides an external quality control feedback by public and private actors periodically monitoring corporate social contributions. Civil society must maintain a watch-dog function on corporate social impacts and thereby implicitly supervise the CSR implementation.
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AI and Social Impact: A Review of Current Use Cases and Broader Implications
An entity that is responsible for an action of a tool whether intended or unintended consequence.
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The Implementation of Internal Control in the Financial Services Expenditure in a Hospital Department: A Case Study
The legal and reporting framework, organizational structure, strategy, procedures and actions to help ensure that the Supreme Audit Institutions: meet their legal obligations with regard to their audit mandate and required reporting within their budget; evaluate and follow up their own performance as well as the impact of their audit; report on the regularity and the efficiency of the use of public funds, including their own actions and activities and the use of their resources; head and personnel can be held responsible for their actions.
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E-Government and Accountability in EU Local Governments
Relationship between an actor and a forum, in which the actor has an obligation to explain and justify his or her conduct, the forum can pose questions and pass judgment, and the actor may face consequences.
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Improving Public Sector Service Delivery through Knowledge Sharing
Transparency of responsibility for performance, the management of performance and resulting implications for the deployment of future resources.
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Monitoring and Evaluation Leadership Through Technology: The South African Public-Sector Perspective
This term refers to the ability of an institution or an entity to provide evidence to stakeholders that an intervention is effective and in conformity with its specified contractual obligations.
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Technology Integration Into Instruction in the United States: A Policy Brief on Accountability in Higher Education
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The Role of Annual Reports in Ensuring Accountability: The Case of Development Agencies in Turkey
The obligation of an actor (deputy) who takes over the authority to give information to the actor who delegates the authority.
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Quality Assurance of Higher Education From the Glonacal Agency Heuristic: An Example From Vietnam
The obligation to report, explain, answer questions to related stakeholders about the operation and the way resources used by an organization.
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Internal Control in a Public Hospital: The Case of Financial Services Expenditure Department
The legal and reporting framework, organizational structure, strategy, procedures and actions to help ensure that the Supreme Audit Institutions: meet their legal obligations with regard to their audit mandate and required reporting within their budget; evaluate and follow up their own performance as well as the impact of their audit; report on the regularity and the efficiency of the use of public funds, including their own actions and activities and the use of their resources; head and personnel can be held responsible for their actions.
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Broadening the Concept of Green Marketing: Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility
A corporate control by society. Now it might be stated that accountability is the emphasis on social and ethical accounting. Accountability entails the procedures and processes by which one party justifies and takes responsibility for its activities.
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Institutionalisation, Framing, and Diffusion: The Logic of Openness in eGovernment and Implementation Decisions- A Lesson for Developing Countries
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The Evolving Role of Community Colleges in Workforce Development
The act of holding academic programs accountable for meeting objectives and outcomes.
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I Am Happy, So I Learn It: The Ethical Dilemma of Choosing to Promote Happiness in an Education World of Standards
Obligation and responsibility of teachers and schools to account for their activities and to share results.
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Clusters as Entrepreneurial Ecosystems for Corporate Social Responsibility in SMEs
The moral obligation, and consequently voluntary action, of an organization to account for its activities, to accept responsibility for them and, to disclose the results in a transparent manner following available standards recognized by its stakeholders.
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Approaches towards Measuring Success in Public Elementary Schools
The fulfillment of those activities that an outsider can enumerate and assess. Accountability relies on uniform, unilateral measures.
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Global Leadership Competencies and Orientations: Theory, Practice, and Future Implications
This refers to the willingness to accept responsibility for one’s actions/activities.
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No Child Left Behind
Local educational agencies are held responsible for making students meet or exceed proficient level of academic achievement designated by the state. At least 95% of the students enrolled to schools needs to be assessed for the state to monitor adequate yearly progress. If students in a school fail to pass for the proficient level for 2 consecutive years, parents in the school district have the alternative to provide other means of education including private schools, charter school, and homeschooling.
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Examining Confinement Beyond Bars From Philosophical and Practical Perspectives: Free v Confined III
Being responsible and answerable for actions and decisions; a necessary trait for personal growth and societal progress.
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Reporting Value Using Social Return on Investment Reports: An Overview and Analysis of Reports in Practice
An individual’s or organization’s obligation to account for their activities, the practice of assuming responsibility for the latter and disclosing the results of these activities in a transparent manner.
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The Impact of Board Composition on Corporate Strategy in the Arab Region Context: A Case Study From Jordan
Responsible to the stakeholders for all action taken in the company and all the action can be justified and accept, anyone can hold the company to account.
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Narrative Practices in Central Bank Communication
A state that someone is being able to be fully responsible for the actions he/she has done.
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Sustainability Reporting Framework for Voluntary Reporting or Disclosure in Turkey
A concept covering the activities of responding to information demand from the internal and external information users based on the corporate governance and corporate social responsibility of the organization.
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Accreditation Experience of the Designated Subject Credential (DSC) Program at California State University, Long Beach
Skinner (1968, p. 41) defined accountability as involving the teacher’s producing evidence regarding the quality of his or her teaching, usually in terms of what happens to pupils, then standing ready to be judged on the basis of the evidence. Any accountable teacher, therefore, takes responsibility for the results his or her instruction produces in learners.
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Urban Governance, Democratic Decentralization, and Natural Resources
Individuals and organizations (public, private, and civil society) have a responsibility for the proper fulfillment of their functions.
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Self-Analysis Technology, Roles, and Cybersecurity in the Virtual Learning Environments
This process outlines the methods to collect data from the user used for processes related to billing and auditing of the services they consumed.
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Performance and Accountability in E-Budgeting Projects
According to Robert Behn (2001), individuals exercise accountability in four ways: For finance, when we establish detailed expectations about how public officials will handle public resources; for fairness or equity, when we create values, principles, and ethical standards to ensure that government and its employees treat its citizens fairly; for use (or abuse) of power, when we create rules to limit the discretion of public officials and to prevent those officials from abusing their power and discretion in finances or fairness; and finally, for performance, when we define the expectations for the actual outcomes that public officials will achieve using public resources and their invested power.
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Accountability, Responsibility, and Public Trust in Non-Profit Institutions: Linking Conceptual Pillars for the Construction of a “Bridge” of Virtuous Managerialism
The duty to act responsibly and to be accountable to others for every action, guaranteeing transparency, correctness, adequacy, and compliance between the management and the clear representation of the results achieved by an organization.
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Transformational Leadership for Effective Corporate Governance in Public Sector Enterprises: A Malaysian Experience
A condition where individuals who exercise power are constrained by external means and internal norms that could be seen as a watchdog and protective device.
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Evaluating Online Programs Using a BSC Approach
Being called to account or held responsible for discharging higher education mission and goals, generally understood in terms of higher education’s responsibility to ensure student learning at a reasonable cost.
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The Use and Management of Public Information in Social Media: A Case Study of Town and City Councils Throughout Andalusia on Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube
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Strengthening Performance of Civil Society Through Dialogue and Critical Thinking in Nigeria: Its Ethical Implications
The phrase “accountability” is originally derived from the Latin word “accomptare” which means “to account” for something. It has often been used synonymously with other concepts such as “answerability”, “enforcement”, “responsibility”, “blameworthiness”, and “liability”. However, the duplicity notwithstanding, all the terms used in connection with the concept of accountability are associated with one common meaning which is the “obligation and expectation of account-giving” about what one has done or how an individual or corporate body plans to and/or conducts its activities. It has to do with responsiveness and being answerable to somebody or the people.
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Implications of Accountability Through the Prospect of Integrated Reporting Adoption in the Public Sector
The inherent expectation from an organization or a person to answer (give account) for the results and consequences of an administered process or action.
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Partnerships between Business and Adult Education Providers
In education, the assumption of responsibility for the implementation, administration, and outcomes of educational programs. It includes the obligation to report and justify, for example, the use of funds or the graduation rates of students. Education providers tend to be accountable to state and federal oversight entities; in partnerships, the partners are accountable to one another that the rules of the partnership were followed by all.
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Data Protection and Data Security Regarding Grid Computing in Biomedical Research
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Assessing the Social Media Presence and Activity of Major Greek Cities During 2014-2017: Towards Local Government 2.0?
Obligation of public bodies and authorities to be answerable for their actions in the framework of the duties and responsibilities foreseen for them by the state.
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Conceptual Framework of Corporate Social Responsibility and Its Basic Roots
Means that organizations are aware of the environment affected by their activities and they accept responsibility for their actions with this understanding.
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Performance Indicators and Accountability in Portuguese Public Universities: Socio-Economic Perspective
Obligation of the government to provide information about their decision and action to justify them to the public.
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Online Disclosure of Social Responsibility Strategies: Perceptions and Reality Among Nonprofit Organisations
The action to inform stakeholders on management of the organization in order to justify the behavior and activities carried out.
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Ethical Considerations for Artificial Intelligence in Educational Assessments
This ethics principle relates to the responsible discharge of AI ethics when designing and delivering AI systems, depending on the roles and contexts, in a consistent manner.
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The Impact of Procedural Law on Artificial Intelligence by Improving the Healthcare Systems
Is the obligation for people or organizations to accept responsibility for their actions, decisions, and the consequences that follow. Explaining and justifying one's acts as well as accepting the results of those actions, whether they are favorable or unfavorable, are obligations.
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Mastering Electronic Government in the Digital Age
The obligation of an individual or organization to account for its activities, accept responsibility for them, and to reveal the results in a transparent manner.
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Analysis of Cases of Corruption Across the African Continent: A Phenomenology Study
The process of being responsible for decisions or actions and the readiness to answer for these decisions and actions.
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E-Government for Transparency, Anti-Corruption, and Accountability: Challenges and Opportunities for Central American Countries
The citizens´ capacity and right to demand answers to the political and institutional agents and the capacity to sanction their actions.
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Governance for Higher Education Robustness: Case of Universities
In terms of making university officials answerable to the public and the government and responsive to the entity from which they derive authority. This involves establishing criteria to measure the performance of the university officials, and institutionalizing mechanisms to ensure that the university’s mission and goals are met.
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Modernization and Accountability in the Social Economy: A Systematic Review
Obligation of the organs to 1) account for its activities, 2) accept responsibility for these activities, and 3) disclose the results in a transparent manner.
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Data Controller, Processor, or Joint Controller: Towards Reaching GDPR Compliance in a Data- and Technology-Driven World
Responsibility of data processing actors to put in place appropriate and effective measures to ensure compliance with the GDPR and be able to demonstrate so.
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Capacity of an Electronic Portfolio to Promote Professionalism, Collaboration and Accountability in Educational Leadership
A commitment by educational leaders to excellence, effectiveness, quality teaching and learning, communication and high standards of achievement in the educational environment, and the engagement in self-examination reflection and analysis to maintain these qualities (WA Department of Education Accountability Framework, 2003).
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Evaluation of the Online Accountability of the Portuguese Private Institutions of Social Solidarity
Obligation of the organs to 1) account for its activities, 2) accept responsibility for these activities, and 3) disclose the results in a transparent manner.
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A Domain Model for Transparency in Portuguese Cooperatives: The Governance Structure and Accountability Dimensions
Obligation of the organs to 1) account for its activities, 2) accept responsibility for these activities, and 3) disclose the results in a transparent manner.
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Big Data and Its Role in Facilitating the Visualization of Financial Analytics
As suggested earlier, Accountability occurs when one's behavior could fall under scrutiny of another individual. In the rater Accountability literature – consistent with the broad literature into the effect of Accountability on judgements and behaviors –the effect of Accountability is predominantly studied using experimental designs (Harari & Rudolph, 2016 AU75: The in-text citation "Harari & Rudolph, 2016" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ).
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Beyond the Digital Divide: Closing the Generation and Disability Gaps?
making the best quality resources and services available by being responsive to the needs of target populations (responsiveness), providing satisfactory services (satisfaction), and building trust among users (trustworthiness).
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Transparency and Integrity Methods for Public Utilities Systems
A guarantee that any organization will be accountable or evaluated on its performance.
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Security of Mobile Code
Accountability exists when each agent on a given platform must be held accountable for its actions: must be uniquely identified, authenticated, and audited
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A Critical Look at Social Reporting Evolution: Social Case in Its Future?
Is a concept used to describe the way in which a company offers information about its behavior.
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