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What is Internationalization

Cases on Internationalization Challenges for SMEs
Carrying the activity area of the enterprises overseas, to carry on the business overseas.
Published in Chapter:
Using Main Courante and Daily Revenue Report Methods in Accounting of Daily Revenues in Touristic Accomodation Enterprises
Engin Meriç (Trakya University, Turkey)
Copyright: © 2021 |Pages: 21
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-4387-0.ch013
Abstract
In today's globalised world, internationalisation is an obligation beyond being a choice and it is inevitable for the small and medium-sized accommodation enterprises to take place in this process. Since utilising from global opportunities depends on the protection of themselves from threats, their incomes should be tracked daily, and their internal control mechanism must be strengthened. With this purpose, the study aims to realise the room revenues of SMEs with Main Courante and other unit revenues with DRRs. For the accounting of the revenues Main Courante offset is given place, whereas for the control accounts the daily revenue report offset is preferred. Documents related to income record that can be used in the flow of the process in SMEs have been included. With this method, it is aimed to prevent losses and leaks, provide data flow towards accounting internal control system, sustain competitive advantage and contribute to the internationalization efforts.
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Global Accreditation for a Knowledge-Oriented Community: Foundational Change breeds Global Access to Educational and Economic Opportunity
Expansion of an institution of higher education into a cross border market, or the level to which IHEs are expanding into cross border markets.
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Exploring the Roles of Entrepreneurship and Internationalization in Global Business
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Scholarly Practices for Global Educational Leaders
“A process of integrating an international, intercultural, or global dimension in the purpose, functions, or delivery of postsecondary education” ( Knight, 2003 , p. 2).
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Challenges of the Internationalization Process: A Case Study of a Knowledge-Intensive Service Company
Normally associated with a strategy formed by firms that decide to operate in foreign markets. It involves the implementation of goods and services that can be easily adapted and adopted in different countries. It could involve business to consumer as well as business to business activities. It may involve cross -border transactions of goods, services or resources between two or more firms or organizations belonging to two different countries, as well as foreign direct investment.
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Challenges of the Internationalization Strategy of a Technology-Based International New Venture
It is the process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international markets. It involves a strategy carried out by firms that decide to compete in foreign markets. It involves cross-border transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organizations that belong to two different countries.
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Government Expenditures on Higher Education and Innovativeness: Does Quantity or Quality Matter?
A process in which countries or its inhabitants are involved in the co-operation or coordination of individual activities, thus moving these activities from the national to the international environment.
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Encouraging Internationalization and Entrepreneurial Orientation in Small and Medium Enterprises
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Internationalization in Times of Uncertainty: Expanding From Europe Towards Asia
Is a process of increasing participation in international markets ( Westhead et al., 2007 ). It describes the sales or business activities of a company outside its home country ( Li Sun, 2009 ). As corporate strategy it adapts products and services for different national markets. As a learning and resource allocation process it distributes and exchanges resources in foreign markets ( Autio, 2017 ). It is a consequence of gradual adjustments to changing conditions within the company and its environment ( Aharoni, 1966 ). Inward activities of internationalization are relating processes like importers, licensees and franchisees. Outward activities describe processes associated with exporting, licensing, franchising and foreign direct investment (FDI) ( Westhead et al., 2007 ).
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Inducascos S.A.: International Operations for Local Market Leadership
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CLIL Pedagogy: Insights and Practices – The Case of Tomsk Polytechnic University
Internationalizing HE is a process by which universities seek to promote quality competences to prepare graduates to a global interconnected society.
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A Case Study on Cross-Cultural Differences: A Failure Story
The process of entering and expanding business in international markets.
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International Marketing Strategies for SMEs in the Digital World
It is the process of selling or buying a product or service in the markets rather than the local market.
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Internationalization of Family Businesses: Does Size Really Matter?
The process of initiating firm involvement within international markets. In doing so, there will be an increase in the interaction and integration among firms, markets, and governments.
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Internationalization Through NNES Student Recruitment: Anticipated Gains and Reported Realities
Incorporating international and intercultural dimensions to facilitate meaningful postsecondary education experiences.
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Seeking Opportunities: Challenges Faced by a Small “Born Global” Company
It is the process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international markets. It involves a strategy carried out by firms that decide to compete in foreign markets. It involves cross-border transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organizations that belong to two different countries.
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EMI at Tertiary Level in Spain: Perspectives From Lecturers at a Medium-Sized State University
Conventionally regarded as a consequence of globalization, institutional internationalization consists of a progressive network among universities of different language and cultural origins. Students undertake part of their learning pathway in foreign universities, either through international mobility programs (Erasmus) or in programs specifically designed for foreign countries, and lecturers also increasingly participate in international teaching visit programs. At the same time, administrations support international research cooperation in the form of international consortia. Spanish universities are beginning to include internationalization among their political priorities and are designing their governments with this in mind or even designing a specific vice-chancellor for this purpose with responsibilities in international scientific issues, as well as the mobility of lecturers and students.
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Policies and Initiatives for the Internationalization of Higher Education in Oman
Refers to the increasing importance of international trade, international relations, treaties, alliances, etc.
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Internationalization Technology and IPO Firm Growth
Internationalization can be defined as the process of adapting firms’ operations including strategy, structure, resource to international environments.
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Inward Internationalization: A Case Study From the Hotel Industry
It is normally associated with a strategy carried out by firms that decide to operate in foreign markets. It involves the implementation of goods and services that can be easily adapted and adopted in different countries. It could involve business to consumer activities, as well as business to business activities. It may involve cross border transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organizations that belong to two different countries, as well as foreign direct investment.
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Internationalization in the Hotel Industry and Modes of Entry
It is the process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international markets. It involves a strategy carried out by firms that decide to compete in foreign markets. It involves cross border transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organizations that belong to two different countries.
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SMEs Internationalization Through Electronic Commerce: Benefits, Disadvantages, and Barriers
Internationalization is the expansion of economic activities across national borders.
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Born-Again Globals: A Case Study of a Non-Linear Internationalization Behavior
It is the process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international markets. It involves a strategy carried out by firms that decide to compete in foreign markets. It involves cross-border transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organizations that belong to two different countries.
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Internationalization Strategies: Circumventing the Liability of Newness – A Case Study of Irregular Internationalization Paths
The phenomenon of businesses expanding their presence in global markets through a deliberate strategy is known as internationalization. This strategy involves firms choosing to enter foreign markets in order to compete. Such internationalization typically involves transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organizations situated in different countries.
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Fostering English Learners' Intercultural Competence and Multicultural Awareness in a Foreign Language University in Northeastern China
Inter-national means between or among nations and refers to the increasing importance of international relations, international trade, treaties, alliances, etc. ( Cao, 2011 ).
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Critical and Inhibiting Success Factors in Interorganizational Networks: A Case Study
It is the process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international markets. It involves a strategy carried out by firms that decide to compete in foreign markets. It involves cross-border transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organizations that belong to two different countries.
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A Paradigm for Global Student Interactions Through Digital Technologies in a Post-COVID Era
In higher education, the process of integrating an inter-cultural and global dimension into the range of functions of post-secondary education, including teaching, learning, research, and service.
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Entrepreneurship, Firm Internationalization and Regional Development
The process of a firm’s gradual international expansion, through exports and/or foreign direct investment.
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Globalization and Entrepreneurship in the Industry 5.0 Era
Internationalization refers to developing a product so that it may be easily consumed in many nations. Companies that want to expand their worldwide presence outside their home market employ this technique because they recognize that consumers in other countries may have different interests or habits.
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Global Migration, Discrimination, and the Internationalization of Higher Education
The process of turning external real actions, properties of objects, and social forms of communication into stable internal qualities of a person through the assimilation of norms, values, beliefs, attitudes, representations, etc. developed by an individual in society or community.
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Cross-Cultural Virtual Team Projects: International Virtual Engineering Student Teams
The growing inclusion of multiple nations within a given endeavor such as an engineering project.
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Assessing South African University Adoption of Online Teaching During COVID 19
The process of ensuring that universities are recognized at the international level through a project such as an international exchange program.
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Convergence of Internationalization Paths in Romanian Universities: A Qualitative Analysis
Openness to foreign students and staff “at home” and presence on international academic scene.
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SME's Innovation and Internationalization in Knowledge-Based Economy: EU Case
A process, through which a firm moves from operating in a domestic marketplace to international markets.
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A Field Experience in Education in Havana, Cuba: Rewards and Challenges
The policies and practices of integrating an international, intercultural, or global dimension into all teaching, research, and service functions of a university.
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Impact of COVID-19 on South African Higher Education
This is refer to the integration of international, global, and intercultural dimensions into the formal or informal delivery of higher education.
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Dynamics of Human Resource Strategies and Cultural Orientations in Multinational Corporations
This is the process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international markets.
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Influence of CSR Activities on Stakeholders in Foreign Markets
The process of moving beyond the domestic market, where organizations in search for new markets or resources set their business operations and activities on foreign markets.
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Searching for Opportunities and Trust in International Markets: Entrepreneurial Perspective of a Traditional Industry SME
It is a strategy carried out by firms that decide operate in foreign markets. It involves cross border transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organization that belong to two different countries.
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Internationalization of Higher Education: Perspectives on EMI Policy in Tunisia
This can be defined, in the current study as a policy to add an international aspect to higher education.
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Innovation in Experiential Services: Trends and Challenges
The growing tendency of companies to operate across national boundaries.
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Internationalization of Higher Education Institutions in North Cyprus
The process of utilizing the international dimension in delivering education.
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The Douro Demarcated Region: The Relevance of Tourism in the Internationalization Strategies of Companies
From an economic point of view, internationalization can be defined as process of increasing involvement of companies in international markets.
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CSR in the Spotlight: Location and Gender as Drivers of Its Development
Corporate strategy carried out by companies which decide to operate abroad using different methods to enter and develop in the country of destination.
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Internationalization of Retailing: The Case of Turkish Ultra-Fast Grocery Delivery Retailer Getir
Process of expanding a business across national borders in order to enter new markets and access new customers.
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Social Enterprises: The Challenge of Internationalization
The process of companies’ increasing involvement in international markets. It involves a strategy carried out by firms that decide to compete in foreign markets. It involves cross-border transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organizations in two different countries.
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Internationalization Process of Innovative SMEs in Lebanon: An Analysis with a Conceptual Model
Internationalization has been viewed as a process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international markets.
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Internationalization and Financial Performance: A success case in Portugal
Is the process of planning and implementing products and services in others countries.
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Graduate Study Abroad: Student Learning, Pedagogy, and Outcomes
The process and means by which educational institutions incorporate an international dimension to the institution including: increasing international content and perspectives in curriculum, increasing international students and faculty at the institution, and opportunities for students and faculty to study and research abroad.
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Multicultural Encounters and Intercultural Dialogue: Interactional Experiences of International Students on a Short-Term Online Language Program
The internationalization of higher education is a transformative process that aims to establish an international and intercultural dimension in the core missions of universities: to enhance the quality of teaching and research for all students and staff, as well as to make a meaningful contribution to society.
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The Roles of International Entrepreneurship and Organizational Innovation in SMEs
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Web Usability
It is the process of making a Web site interoperable in a specific market or locale. In general, interoperability means that the functionality of the site is not dependent on a specific language or culture and is readily adaptable to others.
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New Product Development and the Challenges of Internationalization
A strategy in which a company performs business activities outside its domestic market. Following a networked perspective, the internationalization process occurs in interactive environments where a well-established network of companies includes local and external actors searching win-win relationships.
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Fostering English-Medium Instruction (EMI) Through Flipped Learning
The process of exchange between higher education institutions and nations which normally takes place within the public domain.
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The Internationalization Process of Multilatinas from Chile
Process in which firms increase their involvements in international operations.
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Explaining the Firm's De-Internationalization Process by Using Resource-Based View
Refers to the process where firm increases its level of involvement in its operation to other markets ( Welch and Luostarinen, 1988 ).
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Internationalization Policies and Strategies From the Comparative Standpoint of Student Mobility in Slovenian and Turkish Higher Education
In the context of higher education, internationalization refers to the deliberate and active process of developing and incorporating an international, intercultural, and global dimension into the aim, functions, and delivery of higher education.
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Inward Internationalization: Important Challenges Among SMEs
It is normally associated with a strategy carried out by firms that decide operate in foreign markets. It involves the implementation of goods and services that can be easily adapted and adopted in different countries. It could involve business to consumer activities, as well as business to business activities. It may involve cross border transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organizations that belong to two different countries, as well as foreign direct investment.
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Does Theory Really Fit Real Life Situations?: A Case Study on the Internationalization Process of a Technological Service-Based Firm
It is the process of increasing the involvement of enterprises in international markets. It involves a strategy carried out by firms that decide to compete in foreign markets. It involves cross-border transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organizations that belong to two different countries.
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Internationalization in Higher Education: A Case Study of an African Born Global University
The process by which an institution or firm incorporates an international or global perspective into its inputs or outputs.
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De-Internationalization of SMEs: A Case Study
A strategy where a company performs business activities outside its country of origin.
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Reverse Internationalization?: Systems Theory, Brexit, and British Higher Education
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Websites, Social Networks, and Corporate Translation: An Overview of Southern Spanish Companies in the Dentistry Sector
It refers to the process of involving companies in international markets. In this process it is essential to bridge the gap between different languages, cultures, and countries.
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Student Engagement in Online Teaching in South African Higher Education
This is the process of integrating an international, intercultural, or global dimension into the purpose, functions or delivery of postsecondary education.
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Internationalization in Health Services: Major Challenges
The process of companies’ increasing involvement in international markets. It involves a strategy carried out by firms that decide to compete in foreign markets. It involves cross-border transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organizations in two different countries.
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Effect of Provision and Utilization of Support Areas on International Students' Perceived Academic Success: A Case Study of a Canadian Community College
The strategy of the Canadian government to bring a global and multicultural dimension to the operations and activities of Canadian higher education.
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Measuring the Quality of Higher Education Internationalization in Oman
Is a process that aims to integrate international and intercultural dimensions into the education system.
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Strategic-Spatial Analysis of the Implementation of Business Opening Politics of Mexico
It is the process of increasing involvement of enterprizes in international markets. There are several internationalization theories which try to explain why there are international activities.
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K-20 Education and Globalization
The process of including a global dimension in all aspects of education.
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Innovations in Teaching-Learning and Evaluation: An Overview of Processes Undertaken at CHRIST (Deemed to be University)
Is an idea of not defining boundaries to learn. Learning from the best of the world to give students a global orientation.
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Internationalization in Business-to-Business Markets: The Importance of New Product Development
The path firms use to perform business activities abroad to complement the sales of the domestic market. Traditionally, firms follow a process-based perspective to approach international markets. From a networked perspective, the internationalization process occurs in interactive environments where a well-established network of companies includes local and external actors searching win-win relationships.
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A Methodological Literature Review on the Internationalisation of Higher Education
The integration of international and intercultural dimensions into the education system of higher education institutions.
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The Internationalization Process of a Born Global: A Case Study of a Beverage Firm
It is the process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international markets. It involves a strategy carried out by firms that decide to compete in foreign markets. It involves cross border transactions of goods, services, or resources between two or more firms or organizations that belong to two different countries.
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Localization, Culture, and Global Communication
(also i18n) means the enabling of a software artefact to be adaptable (He et al., 2002; Kubota, 2003). A first step is the separation of text and code. IBM called this step ‘NLS enabling’. Sometimes it is also understood as ‘eliminating as many culture specifics as possible’ (Nakakoji, 1996).
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Cybersecurity Management in South African Universities
This is a process of ensuring that the university engaged with other institutions nationally and internationally to promote and market the university.
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