What is Minutiae

With the exponential growth of smart devices and dependency on the internet and wireless networks, the security of information is a major challenge in the recent years. Biometrics have been widely used for information security. It plays a crucial role in minimizing the probability of inappropriate access. Human biometrics are characterized into physical and behavioral features. In this chapter, the authors propose to use fingerprint and online signature for information security. Though biometric provides more security and integrity, it is also threatened by various attacks. Digital watermarking is the answer to the above problems. Initially, the features of the human biometric images are extracted and act as watermarks for other biometric image. It is assumed that fingerprints act as a host and a signature as watermark. This chapter presents a survey of various biometric and watermarking techniques. The chapter also reviewed the work done by different researchers in the area, algorithms employed by them with their literature to utilize them for biometric protection.