What is Organizational Citizenship Behaviours

This chapter highlights the importance of education for the development of excellence, expertise and knowledge leading to overall development in economy cannot be undermined. It focused on the understanding and managing organisational culture and justice: implications for higher education institutions. Organizational culture plays a critical role in creating a work environment where employees are committed and contribute to the success of the organization. Justice is a subjective and descriptive concept, in that it captures what individuals believe to be right, rather than an objective reality or a prescriptive moral code. As defined here, organizational justice is a personal evaluation about the ethical and moral standing of managerial conduct. Research has shown that employees appraise three families of workplace events. They examine the justice of outcomes (distributive justice), the justice of the formal allocation processes (procedural justice), and the justice of interpersonal transactions they encounter with others (interactional justice). Over the years, universities worldwide have come under increasing pressures to adapt to rapidly changing social, technological, economic and political forces emanating from the immediate as well as the broader post-industrial external environments. The unprecedented growth, complexity and competitiveness of the global economy with its attendant socio-political and technological forces have been creating relentless and cumulative pressures on higher education institutions to respond to the changing environment.