What is P-consciousness

Consciousness studies have nowadays become a general and an open question in the research areas. As the result of this situation, there are many research papers on this topic. Under this situation, it is worthwhile considering a present direction and a reason of those studies in order to find out a next direction and the reason for the further research. Then, from those the direction and the reason, try to find out a necessity and a reason for the further research step. This chapter presents consciousness in general in a sense of functional mechanisms both at the past and at the present.