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What is Patent

Chapter 25
Handbook of Research on Effective Project Management through the Integration of Knowledge and Innovation
Does a government grant the exclusive right to an inventor to manufacture, use, or sell an invention for a certain number of years.
Published in Chapter:
Successful Integration of Knowledge for Innovation: A Case Study of Opportunities for Product Development Partnerships in Brazil
J. L. Magalhaes (Ministry of Health, Brazil), R. Cartaxo (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil), and A. M. S. Antunes (National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), Brazil & Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
Copyright: © 2015 |Pages: 19
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-7536-0.ch025
Abstract
The challenges of the new century have put emerging countries center stage in the global economy. Public health is a priority for governments the world over and Brazil is one of them. Policies prioritizing essential medications like Ministry of Health Directive 1284 indicate existing trends and potential opportunities for investments in the Brazilian pharmaceuticals production chain. This chapter gives an overview of Product Development Partnerships in Brazil as part of a government incentive policy for the Brazilian pharmaceutical sector. The authors propose a methodology to prioritize the best choice among the 87 products listed as strategic by the Brazilian MoH. The proposed methodology indicates 11 products with high potential for production in Brazil and opportunities for the country's private sector.
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Chapter 34
Organizational Software Use Policies
A legal document issued by the government in response to a formal application process in which the inventor or originator of a product or process is granted the exclusive right to manufacture, use, and sell it for a designated period of time.
Published in Chapter: Organizational Software Use Policies; From: Handbook of Research on Information Communication Technology Policy: Trends, Issues and Advancements
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Chapter 8
Efficiency Assessment of University-Industry Collaboration
A term used to define an official document and/or privileged right to produce or use a new product or process while preventing other parties from benefiting it.
Published in Chapter: Efficiency Assessment of University-Industry Collaboration; From: University-Industry Collaboration Strategies in the Digital Era
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Chapter 58
Staying Legal and Ethical in Global E-Learning Course and Training Developments: An Exploration
A legal exclusive right granted to an inventor (by the government) to make, use or sell an original invention (or process) for a set period of time.
Published in Chapter: Staying Legal and Ethical in Global E-Learning Course and Training Developments: An Exploration; From: Encyclopedia of Information Communication Technologies and Adult Education Integration
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Chapter 2
Economic Profit vs. Social Benefit: An Approach to the Pharmaceutical Industry
A right granted by the State to the inventor of a new product, thus protecting industrial property. The registration of a patent allows its holder to create a temporary monopoly situation for the commercialization of this product, in exchange for the disclosure of the invention.
Published in Chapter: Economic Profit vs. Social Benefit: An Approach to the Pharmaceutical Industry; From: Management and Marketing for Improved Competitiveness and Performance in the Healthcare Sector
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Chapter 24
An Evaluation of Partnership for Productive Development in Brazil's Healthcare: Measuring the Knowledge Translation from Implementation to the Impact
Does a government grant the exclusive right to an inventor to manufacture, use, or sell an invention for a certain number of years.
Published in Chapter: An Evaluation of Partnership for Productive Development in Brazil's Healthcare: Measuring the Knowledge Translation from Implementation to the Impact; From: Handbook of Research on Information Architecture and Management in Modern Organizations
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Chapter 69
Copyright with an International Perspective for Academics
A patent is a limited-term monopoly granted to the inventor of a new invention that protects the ideas behind the invention absolutely. Patents, unlike copyright, are not limited to particular expressions of ideas or forms of an invention, but protect the invention in any form or guise. Patent protection requires specific actions on the part of the inventor to obtain the protection and in many countries there are additional requirements such as non-disclosure prior to filing for a patent. In the United States a requirement is that filing occur within one year of disclosure. The absolute monopoly granted by the modern patent is balanced by the requirement that the invention be fully documented so that others can build on it after the monopoly term expires.
Published in Chapter: Copyright with an International Perspective for Academics; From: Encyclopedia of Distance Learning, Second Edition
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Chapter 9
Motivation on Problem Based Learning
It is an invention that need be protected in order to be exploited economically.
Published in Chapter: Motivation on Problem Based Learning; From: Handbook of Research on Applied E-Learning in Engineering and Architecture Education
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Chapter 4
Arbitration in Patent Disputes: To What Extent Is It Possible?
A sole right given on an invention, for a particular period, which precludes others from making or selling that invention without the right holder’s permission.
Published in Chapter: Arbitration in Patent Disputes: To What Extent Is It Possible?; From: Intellectual Property Rights and the Protection of Traditional Knowledge
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Chapter 11
New Nutritional Perspectives in the Context of Chronic Disease Patient Management
A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention for a limited period of years, in exchange for publishing an enabling public disclosure of the invention.
Published in Chapter: New Nutritional Perspectives in the Context of Chronic Disease Patient Management; From: Impacts of Climate Change and Economic and Health Crises on the Agriculture and Food Sectors
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Chapter 12
Gender and Industrial Creativity in Poland
In a legal sense, a patent is a right to exclusive use of the new solution of technical nature. It is considered as one of the strongest intellectual property rights. In the scientific sense, it is the culmination of the R&D activities. In the economic terms, this is one of the stages of the innovation process. From the point of view of the person who is the owner, it is a resource and a potential market value. It has a relatively high ability to transform into a production factor.
Published in Chapter: Gender and Industrial Creativity in Poland; From: Contemporary Global Perspectives on Gender Economics
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Chapter 8
Technology Transfer Process in Brazil: An Overview of the National Context
A form of IP protection that grants exclusive rights to an inventor or company for a certain period of time, typically 20 years. A patent prevents others from making, using, or selling the patented invention without permission.
Published in Chapter: Technology Transfer Process in Brazil: An Overview of the National Context; From: Handbook of Research on Perspectives on Society and Technology Addiction
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Chapter 10
Intellectual Property Management by Innovative Firms: Evidence From Tunisia
New inventions involving an inventive step and capable of industrial application. A patent aims to protect the functional and technical aspects of the product.
Published in Chapter: Intellectual Property Management by Innovative Firms: Evidence From Tunisia; From: Intellectual Property Rights and the Protection of Traditional Knowledge
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Chapter 93
Industry and Academia Networks
A patent for an invention is the grant of a property right to the inventor, issued by a government office. What is granted is not the right to make, use, offer for sale, sell or import, but the right to exclude others from making, using, offering for sale, selling or importing the invention.
Published in Chapter: Industry and Academia Networks; From: Encyclopedia of Networked and Virtual Organizations
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Chapter 25
Legal and Economic Justifi cation for Software Protection
A grant made by a government that confers upon the creator of an invention the sole right to make, use, and sell that invention for a set period of time, through letters patent which protect an invention by such a grant.
Published in Chapter: Legal and Economic Justifi cation for Software Protection; From: Handbook of Research on Open Source Software: Technological, Economic, and Social Perspectives
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Chapter 30
A Guide to Non-Disclosure Agreements for Researchers
“The right to exclude others from making, using, marketing, selling … or importing an invention for a specified period” (Garner, 2004, p. 1156).
Published in Chapter: A Guide to Non-Disclosure Agreements for Researchers; From: Handbook of Research on Information Security and Assurance
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Chapter 10
R&D Competition, Cooperation, and Microeconomic Policies
The exclusive property right a government grants to the inventor, for a limited period of time, in exchange for the detailed disclosure of the invention content.
Published in Chapter: R&D Competition, Cooperation, and Microeconomic Policies; From: Handbook of Research on Comparative Economic Development Perspectives on Europe and the MENA Region
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Chapter 9
Managing Intellectual Property in Digital Libraries and Copyright Challenges
A government authority conferring a right for a set period, especially the sole right to exclude others from making, using or selling an invention.
Published in Chapter: Managing Intellectual Property in Digital Libraries and Copyright Challenges; From: Handbook of Research on Managing Intellectual Property in Digital Libraries
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