What is Personal Values

The main purpose of this chapter is to examine and compare the importance of managers' personal values and universal management attributes in organizations from Slovenia, Austria, and Poland. In this study, the analysis of results focuses on (1) personal values of managers, where 57 variables were verified, which were measured on a nine-point Likert scale and (2) evaluation of selected, universal management attributes that determine managerial behavior in organizations, whose measurement was performed on eight-point semantic scales. In order to compare the significance of managers' personal values and universal management attributes between respondents' groups from Poland, Slovenia, and Austria, the method of one-way analysis of variance and t-test for independent groups were applied.