What is Social Presence

The sensation of ‘being with’ and interacting with someone in another place. Learn more in: Augmented Reality Framework for the Socialization between Elderly People

The degree of awareness, feeling, perception, and reaction to another person in the CMC setting or online environment. Learn more in: Social Presence: Communications in Distance Dissertation Courses

The degree of awareness of another person in an interaction and the consequent appreciation of an interpersonal relationship” (Tu & McIsaac, 2002 AU51: The in-text citation "Tu & McIsaac, 2002" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. , p. 133). Learn more in: Learning to Teach Online: Negotiating Issues of Platform, Pedagogy, and Professional Development

Degree to which participants in online social interactions are perceived to be “real” by means of computer-mediated information exchanges. Learn more in: Structuring Online Instruction by Dynamic Design, Delivery, and Assessment

The ability of learners to project themselves socially and affectively into a community of inquiry. Learn more in: Using Communities of Inquiry Online to Perform Tasks of Higher Order Learning

The degree of awareness of another in a communication interaction. Learn more in: A Reimagined EdD: Participatory, Progressive Online Pedagogy

Social presence reflects the ability to establish and engage in purposeful relationships. Learn more in: Using Gamification to Engage Higher-Order Thinking Skills

When students feel like they belong in an online class and that their contributions are valued. Learn more in: Designing and Implementing a Student-Centered Online Graduate Program: A Case Study in a College of Education

From the field of social psychology, the term includes both the degree of salience within an interpersonal relationship and the degree to which another is perceived as a “real” person in mediated communication. It implies social and affective involvement. Learn more in: Instructional Immediacy Online

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the ability of learners to project themselves socially and affectively into a community of inquiry. Learn more in: Social Connection Theory for Online Problem-Solving Groups

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The degree to which people establish warm and personal connection with each other in a communication setting. Changes in the level of social presence can affect group communication. Learn more in: Group Decision Support Systems

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A feeling of realness in a communication setting that is the result of cues and the perceived distance between communicators (Short et al., 1976). Learn more in: Computer Mediated Negotiations and Deception

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Concept defined by Garrison et al. (2000) as “the ability of learners to project themselves socially and emotionally in a community of inquiry.” Garrison (2006) expanded this notion, defining it as “the ability to project one’s self and establish purposeful relationships.” Learn more in: The Emergence of Social Presence in Learning Communities

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The degree of salience of the other person in an interaction, and is a function of copresence. Decreased social presence leads to: (a) reduced other-awareness, (b) more uninhibited behavior, (c) less responsiveness to one another’s ideas, and (d) less public self-awareness. Learn more in: Outcomes of Computer Mentoring

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The degree to which users perceive the physical existence of others and the perception of interaction with the other user(s). Learn more in: Interactivity Redefined for the Social Web

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Social presence is originally defined as the “degree of salience of the other person in the (mediated) interaction and the consequent salience of the interpersonal relationships” by Short, Williams, & Christie (1976). Garrison, Anderson, and Archer (1999) later defined it as the ability of participants in an online community to project their personal characteristics into the community, thereby presenting themselves to the other participants as ‘real people.’ Learn more in: Student Perceptions and Pedagogical Applications of E-Learning Tools in Online Course

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The indicators in an online space that show the presence of more than one person and show some indicators of their “state” and communications. Learn more in: Building Global Citizens: Empathy, the Limits of Human Nature, and First Steps towards Social Equality through E-Learning Assignments

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This characteristic once existed solely in face-to-face interactions where a receiver viewed facial expressions, the level of eye-contact, posture, etc. of the communicator to understand whether the receiver was invested in the conversation. Today, social presence is also relevant to online interactions and communication as senders and receivers transmit and interpret online exchanges including actual text, timing of textual transmissions, pauses, emoticons, and various abbreviations for physical responses (i.e. “Laugh Out Loud” or LOL). Learn more in: “In the Office”: Communication in Virtual Environments

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Involves the appropriate sharing of personal and professional qualities to build a strong sense of community Learn more in: Learning Together: Reducing Distance in Distance Education

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The appropriate sharing of personal and professional qualities to build a strong sense of community. Learn more in: Online Graduate Programs and Intellectual Isolation: Fostering Technology-Mediated Interprofessional Learning Communities

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Tool used to measure the level of awareness of the other in communication environments mediated by computer. Learn more in: New Technologies to Support Educational Inclusion

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Social presence for the purpose of this chapter is defined as the feeling of community that a student and instructor experience in online learning environments. Learn more in: Online Learning: Demotivators and Motivators of Faculty Online Teaching Participation

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One feels a sense that others are present due to intimacy and immediacy factors in a learning environment. Learn more in: Design and Evaluation of Mobile Learning from the Perspective of Cognitive Load Management

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Establishing oneself as “real” and “there” using a communication medium. Learn more in: A Mixed Methods Examination of Instructor Social Presence in Accelerated Online Courses

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The supportive aspects of Community of Inquiry that foster the ability to feel connected within the course with others, willingness to take risks, and interaction with others in the course. Learn more in: “I'm Not Simply Dealing with Some Heartless Computer”: Videoconferencing as Personalized Online Learning in a Graduate Literacy Course

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The “degree of salience of the other person in the interaction and the consequent salience of the interpersonal relationships” (Short, Williams & Christie, p. 65). Learn more in: Instructor-Driven Strategies for Establishing and Sustaining Social Presence

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“The degree of awareness of another person in an interaction and the consequent appreciation of an interpersonal relationship.” ( Short, Williams, & Christie, 1976 ). Learn more in: Teaching and Learning Online: An Examination of Effective Techniques, Practices, and Processes

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The extent to which an instructor interacts with students in online courses with the intention of providing feedback, responding to messages, providing examples, and participating in discussions. Learn more in: Encouraging and Increasing Student Engagement and Participation in an Online Classroom

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Sense of social presence refers to one’s perceived sense of togetherness with other persons within the collaborative situation. Learn more in: Learning from Social Collaboration: A Paradigm Shift in Evaluating Game-Based Learning

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Identify with a community and develop interpersonal relationships. Copresence reflects the sense of being together in a virtual space. Learn more in: Field Research in Second Life: Strategies for Discussion Group Facilitation and Benefits of Participation

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The awareness of the presence of other people outside of the visual field. The feeling that one is sharing the space with other people. Learn more in: Influence of Soundscapes on Perception of Safety and Social Presence in an Open Public Space

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has to do with the interaction between online students and represents the ability to perceive others in an online environment (Richardson, Maeda, Lv, & Caskurlu, 2017). Learn more in: Introduction to Online Learning and the Adult Learner

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As a component of both the CoI model and the fully online learning community (FOLC) model, social presence is the socially mediated, interpersonal aspect of learning. Learners interact with the course material, each other, and with the instructor through social presence. Learn more in: Pedagogical Values in Online and Blended Learning Environments in Higher Education

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The quality of being perceived as a real person when interacting through a communications medium. Learn more in: Prove You Are Not a Dog: Fostering Social Presence in Online Learning

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Presentation of personal characteristics that present participants in a Community of Inquiry as “real people.” Learn more in: Video-Based Discussion: Promoting Presence Through Interactions in Online Higher Education Courses

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One’s ability to signal their emotional, relational, and psychological presence in an online environment, and to access the reciprocal co-presence of others. Learn more in: Fostering Social Presence on Virtual Learning Teams

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The ability to identify with a group, communicate purposefully, and develop inter-personal relationships. Learn more in: Blended Learning as a Transformative Design Approach

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The degree to which a person is perceived as ‘real’ in mediated communication. Learn more in: Designing and Developing Online and Distance Courses

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The ability of learners to display their emotions and interact socially so that they are perceived as “real people” (Garrison 2007). Learn more in: Implementing Successful Online Learning Communities

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Individual’s ability to participate in an online community. Learn more in: Interaction in Distance Learning

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The degree to which people perceive others as real and perceive their interaction as a personal relationship. Learn more in: The Pedagogy of Social Development in Online Learning

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The degree to which a person is perceived as being real and being there in mediated communication. Learn more in: Social Presence

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Social presence was initially defined as the degree of other person salience in a mediated communication and the consequent salience of their interpersonal interactions. The term was soon after associated with the concept of media richness, according to which social presence is a quality of the communication medium itself. In more recent times, it has been redefined as the ability of participants in a community of inquiry to project themselves socially and emotionally, as “real” people, through the medium of communication being used. Learn more in: Computer-Mediated Communication Learning Environments: The Social Dimension

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The degree and type of mediated interpersonal contact and intimacy (Short et al., 1976). Learn more in: Knowledge Blogs in Firm Internal Use

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The degree to which people perceive others as real and perceives their interaction as a personal relationship. Learn more in: Online Communication and Social Engagement

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The degree of awareness of another person in an interaction and the consequent appreciation of an interpersonal relationship” (Tu & McIsaac, 2002, p. 133). Learn more in: Understanding the Online Learner

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Social presence is defined as the degree of salience of the other person in the interaction and the consequent salience of the interpersonal relationship. It is related to the degree to which a person is perceived as “real and present” in a given mediated communication. Learn more in: Online Communication and E-Learning

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The ability of learners to project themselves socially and affectively into a community of inquiry. Learn more in: Adapting Problem-Based Learning to an Online Learning Environment

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The degree to which users perceive the physical existence of others and the perception of interaction with the other user(s). Learn more in: Interactivity Redefined for the Social Web

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The perception that individuals are brought closer through the use of technology. Learn more in: Destructive Creativity on the Social Web: Learning through Wikis in Higher Education

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An online student’s sense of being and belonging in a course. Learn more in: What We Know About Assessing Online Learning in Secondary Schools

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Computer mediated interactions and communications that reflect the personal and emotional connections of the individual to the group. Learn more in: Factors Influencing Individual Construction of Knowledge in an Online Community of Learning and Inquiry Using Concept Maps

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Social presence is the users’ visual and emotional sense of being in the same space with other users, which is evoked by an experience of real-time communication activities or social interactions with other users in virtual worlds. Learn more in: Does Second Life Mark the Beginning of a New Era of Online Shopping?: Exploring the Avatar-Based Shopping Experience in Virtual Worlds

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Ability of participants to appear as ‘real people,’ no matter what the medium for communication. Learn more in: Caring in the Zone: Fostering Relationships in Virtual Learning Communities

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Social presence is the ability to project personal characteristics in an online environment. Learn more in: Building a Brand in Virtual Learning Spaces: Why Student Connections Matter

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This refers to the degree to which an individual is perceived as ‘real’ in an online environment ( Garrison and Anderson, 2003 ). Learn more in: Behave Yourself!: An Investigation of the Impact of Tutor Behaviour on the Student Experience of Online Distance-Based Learning

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Social presence is a community of inquiry model that students project their personal characteristics into the discussion as real people that the trust - building process is established at the social level so that content discussions can be open and substantive. Learn more in: Bridging the Gap with Distance Education Students: Telepresence

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The degree to which participants in computer-mediated communication feel affectively connected to one another. Learn more in: Ensuring Presence in Online Learning Environments

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The extent to which learners are able to present themselves and their characteristics within a community of inquiry. Learn more in: Adaptable Learning Theory Framework for Technology-Enhanced Learning

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Virtual event meant to create feelings of connectedness to a group. Learn more in: Virtual Learning Communities in Organizations and Institutions of Higher Learning: Implications for Technology, Learning Practice, and Organizational Culture

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The degree of salience of the other person in a mediated environment and the consequent salience of their interpersonal interaction. An individual is present within a group if he/she is able to put his/her own intentions (presence) into practice and to understand the intentions of the other group members (social presence). Learn more in: Serious Games as Positive Technologies

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The perception that the other participants in online courses, although completely mediated through technology, are real people, fully present and engaged in a community of inquiry. An instructor’s social presence can lessen the psychological distance students might perceive in an online environment and encourage them to open up to the teacher and others. Learn more in: Hacking the Lecture: Transgressive Praxis and Presence Using Online Video

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Is being present when using an outside medium to communicate. Learn more in: Online Instruction: Is the Quality the Same as Face-to-Face Instruction?

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The perceived presence or salience of others in online discussion. Learn more in: Threaded Discussion

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The degree to which a knowledge-sharing medium, such as a network, facilitates an awareness of other people and the development of interpersonal relationships. Learn more in: Knowledge Sharing

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The degree of interaction and visibility between oneself and others in a social network. Learn more in: Building Relationship Through Learning Communities and Participation in Online Learning Environments: Building Interactions in Online Learning

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A measure of feeling of community that learners experience in a virtual learning environment. Learn more in: Toward An Effective Virtual Learning Environment: From a Social Presence Perspective

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Communication between instructor and student as well as effective student to student communication which enhances student engagement in the classroom. Learn more in: Paradigm Shift toward Student Engagement in Technology Mediated Courses

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The ability to identify with a group, communicate purposefully, and develop inter-personal relationships. Learn more in: Communities of Inquiry in Online Learning

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Refers to a learner’s awareness of the presence and involvement of other learners in a course. Learn more in: Course Management Meets Social Networking in Moodle

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Theoretical construct created to help understand the effects of media on communications experiences. Social presence has been used to understand interactions between people in online communications experiences. Learn more in: Social Presence in Distance Learning

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“The ability of participants in a community of inquiry to project themselves socially and emotionally, as ‘real’ people though the medium of communication being used” (Garrison et al., 2000, p. 94). Learn more in: Working Collaboratively on the Digital Global Frontier

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According to Rourke et al. (2001, p. 51), “social presence is the ability of learners to project their personal characteristics into the community of inquiry, thereby presenting themselves as ‘real people’.” Later on, Garrison (2006, p. 2) describes social presence “as the ability to project one’s self and establish personal and purposeful relationships.” Learn more in: Engaging in Virtual Collaborative Writing: Issues, Obstacles, and Strategies

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A sense of intimacy and immediacy or the salience of the other in a mediated communication leading to increased enjoyment, involvement, task performance, and socio-emotional interaction. In other words, a student’s sense of belonging in a course or group and the ability to interact with others, although physical contact is not available. Learn more in: Social Presence in an Online Learning Environment

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The multiple representations of people’s presences in a shared online space and interaction. Learn more in: Virtual Collaboration

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