Represent the social attitude towards entrepreneurship (in this chapter measured through the assessment of entrepreneurship as a career choice, the status assigned to entrepreneurs, and the positive media’s attention to entrepreneurial activity).
Published in Chapter:
National Culture, Societal Values, and Type of Economy: Are They Relevant to Explain Entrepreneurial Activity?
José Guilherme Leitão Dantas (Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Portugal), António Carrizo Moreira (University of Aveiro, Portugal), and Fernando Manuel Valente (Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, Portugal)
Copyright: © 2018
|Pages: 29
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-3525-6.ch004
Abstract
We analyze the relationship between cultural values, societal values and the type of the economy with necessity-driven, opportunity-driven and improvement-driven entrepreneurship. We take into account GEM's data from 56 countries. These reports are also used to characterize the three types of entrepreneurship, the societal values and the type of economy. We approach national culture through the five dimensions of Hofstede's work on cultural values using the Values Survey Module 2013 (based on Hofstede's work). Cultural values marginally explain necessity-driven and opportunity-driven entrepreneurship. In turn, societal values only explain improvement-driven entrepreneurship. Finally, the type of economy is important in explaining necessity-driven and opportunity-driven entrepreneurship, however it is of no added value in explaining improvement-driven opportunity. One needs to be cautious when drawing general conclusions as we believe that societal values are failing to capture differences among the types of entrepreneurship analyzed.