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What is WhatsApp

Chapter 9

Competence-Based Curriculum and E-Learning in Higher Education

WhatsApp (or WhatsApp Messenger) is a cross-platform mobile application that provides end-to-end encrypted instant messaging over cell phone networks and the Internet. The application was created in 2009 by Jan Koum and Brian Acton, two former employees of the American company Yahoo! 2, to replace SMS.

Published in Chapter:

WhatsApp and Educational Continuity in Africa in the Era of COVID-19: From Its Misuse to “WhatsApp Education”

Emmanuel Béché (Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, Cameroon)

Source Title: Competence-Based Curriculum and E-Learning in Higher Education

DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-6586-8.ch009

Abstract

The need to keep educational links going during the COVID-19 lockdown has prompted African education stakeholders to use various methods, including those not initially intended for education, such as the use of “WhatsApp,” as a tool for distance learning platforms. This chapter analyses how this instant messaging platform has been misused and displaced and translates these into a path for developing its educational version. The authors used data from online documentary exploration, direct observation of digital traces of teaching and learning, and interviews with teachers and students. The content analysis of collected data reveals original practices of pedagogical use of WhatsApp, whose benefits in terms of densification of interactions, learners' autonomy and security, pedagogical socialization, and continuity of learning led to the design of “WhatsApp Ed.,” which is incredibly pedagogical and profoundly social and relational.