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The Flint water crisis exposure and ongoing measures to rectify the tragic situation
Flint's Contamination Crisis Continues
By
Elizabeth Leber
on
Jun 27, 2017
Are real-world issues, such as the detrimental effects of water contamination, being neglected? Victims of the Flint Water Crisis are constantly fighting for their voices to be heard and for their horrific circumstances to finally come to an end.
According to
Flint activist
, Nayyirah Sharifff, "Emergency managers created this disaster because balanced budgets were more important than people's lives."
When the Flint River in Michigan (USA) became contaminated in 2015, the Flint water crisis was exposed. The Flint River was the main water source for the city, and due to insufficient water treatment, residents were exposed to high levels of lead. It was only in January 2016 that a federal state of emergency was declared, informing the residents to use only bottled water for drinking, cooking, bathing and even cleaning until the lead pipes were replaced. The timeline
here
indicates how this crisis started to unfold as early as 2010, and it is expected to continue for several more years.
Various detrimental health effects of lead, found in the Flint River, affect the heart, kidneys and nerves, and the impact it can have on the health of children is unspeakable. Per
CNN
, children not only suffer from physical and developmental effects, but many psychological issues continue surfacing as well.
Per the World Health Organization "An estimated 853,000 children died from lead poisoning worldwide, while many more sustained brain damage from lead poisoning.
2
"
The lead contamination of the Flint water occurred after the city switched its water source to the Flint River in 2014. The river was already contaminated, and it corroded the lead pipes in the water system. This major oversight created a much larger issue because the already contaminated water now included elevated levels of lead as well. Therefore, residents are not only prone to health issues associated with high traces of lead, but also with countless other waterborne diseases.
Dr. Debra Weiss Randall
states, "The World Health Organization considers waterborne diseases the world’s leading killer. Most of its 3.4 million annual fatalities are young children who ingest water contaminated by raw sewage.
1
"
Weiss-Randall (Florida Atlantic University, USA) is not only an incredibly knowledgeable researcher and longtime professor, but she is also the author of the title
Utilizing Innovative Technologies to Address the Public Health Impact of Climate Change: Emerging Research and Opportunities
,
which provides the latest research to combat water contamination issues and help prevent them in the future. This noteworthy publication highlights topics such as water management, vulnerable populations and disaster risk analysis, and it is expected to be released in October 2017.
According to Weiss-Randall's expertise, "The greatest source of water contamination worldwide is fecal matter, which gets into the water from open defecation and from release of untreated raw sewage into water supplies. Increasingly severe and frequent storms caused by global warming have made the situation worse, washing the fecal matter into rivers and lakes. Industrial waste also contaminates drinking water, especially in poor urban neighborhoods, which have been disproportionately targeted for hazardous waste dumps. Poverty is also associated with greater exposure to lead poisoning."
The U.S. Census Bureau research reveals that "Flint is an impoverished city, with 41.2% living at or below the poverty level.
3
"
"While the technologies mentioned are innovative and show promise, the situation in Flint requires the immediate replacement of all the old lead pipes, which were damaged and have been leaching lead into the water. Residents can monitor their water to stay informed about the lead level. Home test kits are available for around $10-12 that test for lead. In addition, some water purifiers filter out lead. The residents of Flint may be inspired by the story of Hazel Johnson, whose case example is described in my book in Chapter 4, "Environmental Justice", and is summarized below," states Weiss-Randall.
Hazel Johnson was an African American mother from a low-income housing project in Chicago who formed a nonprofit organization, People for Community Recovery (PCR), to clean up her neighborhood, known as the "toxic doughnut" because it had the highest concentration of hazardous waste dumps in the nation. Mrs. Johnson is considered one of the founders of the environmental justice (EJ) movement, which is based on the belief that all people–regardless of their race, color, national origin or income–should enjoy equally high levels of environmental protection. EJ grew out of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1970s, when it became clear that African American and Hispanic children had much greater exposure to lead paint than did other children, and that hazardous waste dumps were disproportionately placed in communities of color. Mrs. Johnson died in 2011, but PCR continues to advocate for clean water and air under the direction of her daughter.
While there is hope, there is still much work to be done considering the struggles are not just health related implications. The hardships locals are being faced with in their day-to-day life is something others can’t even fathom. These powerful
testimonials
are the voices that are finally shedding light on this issue.
Vernon Miller Jr., 54, says,
"I have a baby stroller and I'll go pick up water for me and my family."
This groundbreaking story should motivate others to further educate themselves on water contamination matters because similar situations can happen at any time.
IGI Global's
innovative research also delves into water contamination in the titles below. Feel free to follow this crisis on
Facebook
and Twitter (
#flintwater
).
Disclaimer
: The opinions expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not reflect the views of IGI Global.
Newsroom Contact
Caroline Campbell
Promotions Assistant
ccampbell@igi-global.com
(717) 533-8845, ext. 144
www.igi-global.com/
References provided by Dr. Debra Weiss-Randall:
1. Berman, J. (2009). WHO: Waterborne disease is world's leading killer. Washington, D.C.: Voice of America. Available at:
https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2005-03-17-voa34-67381152/274768.html
2. World Health Organization. (2016). Lead poisoning and health. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO. Available at: http
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs379/en/
3. U.S. Census Bureau. (2016). Quick Facts: Flint City, Michigan. Washington, D.C.:U.S. Department of Commerce. Available at:
https://www.voanews.com/a/a-13-2005-03-17-voa34-67381152/274768.html
.
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