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Application of Supercritical Fluids in Thermal- and Nuclear-Power Engineering

Application of Supercritical Fluids in Thermal- and Nuclear-Power Engineering

Igor L. Pioro
Copyright: © 2021 |Pages: 58
ISBN13: 9781799857969|ISBN10: 1799857964|ISBN13 Softcover: 9781799857976|EISBN13: 9781799857983
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-5796-9.ch017
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MLA

Pioro, Igor L. "Application of Supercritical Fluids in Thermal- and Nuclear-Power Engineering." Handbook of Research on Advancements in Supercritical Fluids Applications for Sustainable Energy Systems, edited by Lin Chen, IGI Global, 2021, pp. 601-658. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5796-9.ch017

APA

Pioro, I. L. (2021). Application of Supercritical Fluids in Thermal- and Nuclear-Power Engineering. In L. Chen (Ed.), Handbook of Research on Advancements in Supercritical Fluids Applications for Sustainable Energy Systems (pp. 601-658). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5796-9.ch017

Chicago

Pioro, Igor L. "Application of Supercritical Fluids in Thermal- and Nuclear-Power Engineering." In Handbook of Research on Advancements in Supercritical Fluids Applications for Sustainable Energy Systems, edited by Lin Chen, 601-658. Hershey, PA: IGI Global, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5796-9.ch017

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Abstract

Supercritical Fluids (SCFs) have unique thermophyscial properties and heat-transfer characteristics, which make them very attractive for use in power industry. In this chapter, specifics of thermophysical properties and heat transfer of SCFs such as water, carbon dioxide, and helium are considered and discussed. Also, particularities of heat transfer at Supercritical Pressures (SCPs) are presented, and the most accurate heat-transfer correlations are listed. Supercritical Water (SCW) is widely used as the working fluid in the SCP Rankine “steam”-turbine cycle in fossil-fuel thermal power plants. This increase in thermal efficiency is possible by application of high-temperature reactors and power cycles. Currently, six concepts of Generation-IV reactors are being developed, with coolant outlet temperatures of 500°C~1000°C. SCFs will be used as coolants (helium in GFRs and VHTRs, and SCW in SCWRs) and/or working fluids in power cycles (helium, mixture of nitrogen (80%) and helium (20%), nitrogen and carbon dioxide in Brayton gas-turbine cycles, and SCW/“steam” in Rankine cycle).

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