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Automatic biometrics recognition techniques are becoming increasingly important in corporate and public security systems and have increased in methods due to rapid field development. Behavioral Biometrics for Human Identification: Intelligent Applications discusses classic behavioral biometrics as well...

As the air transportation system's capacity increase has not met the rapid growth in demand, maximizing the utilization of the infrastructure is preferred over expanding it. To make the most efficient use of the existing resources, it is then necessary to develop and implement advanced...

With the ubiquitous presence of video data and its increasing importance in a wide range of real-world applications, it is becoming increasingly necessary to automatically analyze and interpret object motions from large quantities of footage. Machine Learning for Human Motion Analysis: Theory and...

Mathematical and symmetrical analysis of the structure of molecular systems of genetic code has essential meaning for the bioinformatics, biomathematics, and biotechnology fields. Symmetrical Analysis Techniques for Genetic Systems and Bioinformatics: Advanced Patterns and Applications adds unique and...

The International Journal of Natural Computing Research (IJNCR) provides a forum for researchers to disseminate knowledge on natural computing and to serve as a reference source for state-of-the-art innovative findings. IJNCR provides a comprehensive view of all aspects of natural computing with...

The International Journal of Artificial Life Research (IJALR) provides a forum on the study of living systems, human level artificial systems, and machines that exhibit intelligent autonomous behavioral characteristics. Presenting researchers and practitioners with access to explore the developments of...

This chapter presents a taxonomy of the latest behavioural biometrics, including some future oriented approaches. Current research in the field is examined and analyzed along with the features used to describe different types of behaviour. After comparing accuracy rates for verification of users using...

The Gabor wavelets are employed regularly in various biometrics applications because of their biological relevance and computational properties. These wavelets have kernels similar to the 2D receptive field profiles of the mammalian cortical simple cells. They exhibit desirable characteristics of...

In this chapter the Authors introduce the concepts behind the mouse dynamics biometric technology, present a generic architecture of the detector used to collect and process mouse dynamics, and study the various factors used to build the user’s signature. The Authors will also provide an updated survey...

This chapter describes the use of visual attention characteristics as a biometric for authentication or identification of individual viewers. The visual attention characteristics of a person can be easily monitored by tracking the gaze of a viewer during the presentation of a known or unknown visual...

Automatic writer identification is desirable in many important applications including banks, forensics, archeology, and so forth. A key and still open issue in writer identification is how to represent the distinctive and robust features of individual handwriting. This chapter presents three...

This chapter introduces a new video based recognition system to recognize noncooperating individuals at a distance in video, who expose side views to the camera. Information from two biometric sources, side face and gait, is utilized and integrated for recognition. For side face, an enhanced side face...

This chapter is devoted to a consideration of the Kronecker family of the genetic matrices, but in the new numerical form of their presentation. This numeric presentation gives opportunities to investigate ensembles of parameters of the genetic code by means of system analysis including matrix and...

The set of known dialects of the genetic code is analyzed from the viewpoint of the genetic 8-dimensional Yin-Yang-algebra. This algebra was described in Chapter 7. The octet Yin-Yang-algebra is considered as the model of the genetic code. From the viewpoint of this algebraic model, for example, the...

This chapter returns to the kind of numeric genetic matrices, which were considered in Chapter 4-6. This kind of genomatrices is not connected with the degeneracy of the genetic code directly, but it is related to some other structural features of the genetic code systems. The connection of the...

This chapter presents data about cyclic properties of the genetic code in its matrix forms of presentation. These cyclic properties concern cyclic changes of genetic Yin-Yang-matrices and their Yin-Yangalgebras (bipolar algebras) at many kinds of circular permutations of genetic elements in genetic...

This chapter considers the topic of connections of the genetic code with various fields of culture and with inherited physiological properties which provide existence of these fields. Some examples of such physiological bases for branches of culture are described. These examples are related to...

The complexity and volumes of the projected future traffic require very demanding air traffic management systems and operations, and the perspective of continuing growth have triggered on both sides of the Atlantic initiatives to modernise the Air Traffic Management systems, namely NextGen in the USA...

With the sustained increase in air transportation, resulting in increased operational costs, potential danger with conflictive traffic conditions and delays for passengers and airlines, ground traffic has become a critical issue for many airports. In this communication the ground traffic at an airport...

The Air Transportation is the type of activity that exhibits significant complexity mainly due to the fact that to take place a great number of interlinked services need to be made available, ranging from air traffic control and management to ground services as well as to maintenance. In this respect...

Modern aircraft heavily relies on software to fly and operate, which lessens pilot workload, increases flight stability and fuel efficiency, and provides several other benefits. However, the more automated an aircraft is, the more prone to complexity its software modules are, raising special safety...

This chapter presents a new formulation for the problem of human motion tracking in video. Tracking is still a challenging problem when strong appearance changes occur as in videos of humans in motion. Most trackers rely on a predefined template or on a training dataset to achieve detection and...

Building a system for recognition of human actions from video involves two key problems - 1) designing suitable low-level features that are both efficient to extract from videos and are capable of distinguishing between events 2) developing a suitable representation scheme that can bridge the large gap...

We present a discriminative approach to human action recognition. At the heart of our approach is the use of common spatial patterns (CSP), a spatial filter technique that transforms temporal feature data by using differences in variance between two classes. Such a transformation focuses on differences...

This chapter first presents a brief review of the recent development in human action recognition. In particular, the principle and shortcomings of the conventional Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and its variants are discussed. We then introduce an expandable graphical model that represents the dynamics of...