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In light of the rising cost of healthcare and the overall challenges associated with delivering quality care to patients across regions, scientists and pharmacists are exploring new initiatives in drug discovery and design. One such initiative is the adoption of information technology and software...

The era of rapidly progressing technology we live in generates vast amounts of data; however, the challenge exists in understanding how to aggressively monitor and make sense of this data. Without a better understanding of how to collect and manage such large data sets, it becomes increasingly...

The effects of recent economic and financial crises have reached an international scale; a number of different nations have experienced the fallout of these events, calling into question issues of accountability and reform in public management. Global Perspectives on Risk Management and Accounting in...

Since the 1970s, globalization has created an economic environment of interdependency between nations. Now, many countries in European and the MENA (Middle East and Northern Africa) regions must grapple with the need to increase public revenue while maneuvering through a global “race-to-the-bottom” tax...

The role of technology in the medical field has resulted in significant developments within the pharmaceutical industry. Computational approaches have emerged as a crucial method in further advancing drug design and development. Methods and Algorithms for Molecular Docking-Based Drug Design and...

There has been a growing concern for the improvement of pharmaceutical services provided by healthcare institutions. This concern is also shared by other stakeholders including patients, regulatory organizations, pharmaceutical companies, insurance companies, and research institutions. Advancing...

As the pharmaceutical industry continues to advance, new techniques in drug design are emerging. In order to deliver optimum care to patients, the development of innovative pharmacological techniques has become a widely studied topic. Applied Case Studies and Solutions in Molecular Docking-Based Drug...

Recent advances in eye tracking technology will allow for a proliferation of new applications. Improvements in interactive methods using eye movement and gaze control could result in faster and more efficient human computer interfaces, benefitting users with and without disabilities. Gaze Interaction...

Cities are becoming the wealth producing centers of national economies. Increasing the operational efficiency of the city will bring a competitive edge to the whole system. Yet, many city subsystems cannot work together, creating significant problems and inefficiencies. City Competitiveness and...

Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering is one of the most advanced fields in science and technology worldwide. It has spurred advancements in medicine and biology. The Handbook of Research on Biomedical Engineering Education and Advanced Bioengineering Learning: Interdisciplinary Concepts explores...

Neonatal monitoring refers to the monitoring of vital physiological parameters of premature infants and full-term infants that are critically ill. In the last decades, several important treatment modalities emerged that had a substantial impact on the mortality of prematurely born infants. However...

The Journal of Nanotoxicology and Nanomedicine (JNN) publishes key research that addresses the potential opportunities, hazards, and risks associated with human and environmental exposure to micro-scale materials in natural as well as medicinal settings. Focusing on both theoretical and experimental...

The International Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Engineering (IJBCE) emphasizes the importance of cutting-edge research by narrowing the gap between engineering and medicine through new technological innovations. The journal covers a wide spectrum of innovations, including biosensors, medical...

The overall process of getting a drug to the market is a long one and takes 10-15 years and costing close to a billion dollar. The success rate as the compound travels from the initial discovery phase to clinical and then through to the market is about 1 in 10,000. The two key phases which together...

Data has always played a critical part in business decision making. The digital economy is generating Tsunami of data which must be analyzed and used by both the public and private sector. Survival and citizen satisfaction may depend on how governments use big data to develop citizen-centric services....

With the availability of large volumes of data and with the introduction of new tools and techniques for analysis, the security analytics landscape has changed drastically. To face the challenges posed by cyber-terrorism, espionage, cyber frauds etc. Government and law enforcing agencies need to...

Public objectives are mostly pursued within public administration, which despite its apparent Weberian rationality works mainly evolutionarily – by imitating processes or things that prove to be effective in other areas. The present complexity cannot be grasped by endless enumeration of objective...

Debate on consolidated financial reporting has considerably increased over the years, also due to the various public sector accounting reforms. In this regard, Italy offers an important experience since it was one of the first countries in the European Union to expressly provide for compulsory...

The countries in the Central American region, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama, have carried out a reform process of their public financial management systems, seeking to guarantee higher-quality, reliable and timely information, using mainly the International Public...

NHS Foundation Trusts (FTs) came into existence in 2004 as part of a suite of system reforms that reintroduced a healthcare market in England. Over the last decade over half of the 265 English NHS Trusts have made the transition to FT status and to a new form of corporate governance that is accountable...

Molecular docking is a key tool in structural biology and computer-assisted drug design. Molecular docking is a method which predicts the preferred orientation of a ligand when bound in an active site to form a stable complex. It is the most common method used as a structure-based drug design. Here...

Molecular Docking is widely used in CADD (Computer-Aided Drug Designing), SBDD (Structure-Based Drug Designing) and LBDD (Ligand-Based Drug Designing). It is a method used to predict the binding orientation of one molecule with the other and used for any kind of molecule based on the interaction like...

Most of the developed kinase inhibitor drugs are ATP competitive and suffer from drawbacks such as off-target kinase activity, development of resistance due to mutation in the ATP binding pocket and unfavorable intellectual property situations. Besides the ATP binding pocket, protein kinases have...

This chapter is concerned with the recursive conflation between the concept of city competitiveness in ICT and different versions of the “knowledge city” concept based on ICT and digitalization, often responsible for ambiguous political discourses and unclear local economic development strategies. To...

Physiological systems modeling, simulation, and control is a research area integrating science and engineering and contributes to a continuous refinement of knowledge on how the body works. The roots of modeling a body area date back thousands of years, yet it was not until the 1950s that the tree of...