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What is Processor,

Chapter 3
Handbook of Research on Computational Science and Engineering: Theory and Practice
or Central Processing Unit (CPU): is the central circuit of a computer that processes a sequence of jobs that arrive over time and actually executes the application program. Since the beginning of CPUs, their performance has been driven by higher clock rates and improved internal organizations of the circuit. In the last years, new CPUs with higher clock rates are not commercially reliable and the technology trend has been to integrate more than one core on a chip. Additionally, low power CPUs are playing a central role in high-performance computers because building ever-larger clusters of commercial off-the-shelf hardware are being constrained by power and cooling (Donofrio et al, 2009; Henkel & Parameswaran, 2007).
Published in Chapter:
High-Performance Customizable Computing
Domingo Benitez (University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain)
Copyright: © 2012 |Pages: 30
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-61350-116-0.ch003
Abstract
Many accelerator-based computers have demonstrated that they can be faster and more energy-efficient than traditional high-performance multi-core computers. Two types of programmable accelerators are available in high-performance computing: general-purpose accelerators such as GPUs, and customizable accelerators such as FPGAs, although general-purpose accelerators have received more attention. This chapter reviews the state-of-the-art and current trends of high-performance customizable computers (HPCC) and their use in Computational Science and Engineering (CSE). A top-down approach is used to be more accessible to the non-specialists. The “top view” is provided by a taxonomy of customizable computers. This abstract view is accompanied with a performance comparison of common CSE applications on HPCC systems and high-performance microprocessor-based computers. The “down view” examines software development, describing how CSE applications are programmed on HPCC computers. Additionally, a cost analysis and an example illustrate the origin of the benefits. Finally, the future of the high-performance customizable computing is analyzed.
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