Article Preview
TopIllustrative Model
The discussion presented in this study is based on the illustrative model shown in Figure 1. This model contains two latent variables, e-collaboration technology use (L) and job performance (J). Each latent variable is measured indirectly through three indicators.
Let us assume that 
, 
, 
and 
(
) are scaled to have a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one (i.e., these variables are standardized). Our illustrative model can then be described by equations (1), (2), and (3).
,
.
(1),
.
(2).
(3)The path coefficient 
and loadings 
and 
(
) are assumed to describe the model at the population level, as true values. The population is made of teams of individuals who use an integrated e-collaboration technology including e-mail and voice conferencing to different degrees. That is, the unit of analysis is the team, not the individual.