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Top1 Introduction
The power industry plays an important role in a country's economic construction. With the progress of urban construction and industrial modernization, the demand for the power industry is increasing (BORECKI M., 2020; CHEN K, YUE Y, TANG Y J., 2021; CHENG Y C, ZHAO L, WU, X T, et al., 2020). In order to meet the growing demand for electricity, power cables, as the lifeline of cities, are constantly being added to the urban power grid. They not only play an important role as “blood vessels and nerves” in urban power transmission and distribution, but also are essentially basic products for the future informatization and electrification of cities (CZAPP S, SZULTKA S, TOMASZEWSKI A., 2020; ENESCU D, COLELLA P, RUSSO A., 2020; FU Chenzhao, LI Honglei., 2021). However, power cables are laid underground and operated in a concealed environment. Under high voltage and current conditions, these long-term continuous power cables are particularly prone to heating up. If undetected and improperly handled, a power cable fire may be caused, resulting in huge economic losses. Therefore, being able to timely and accurately understand the temperature of power cables during operation is very important for the operation and maintenance of the power system (GHONEIM S, AHMED M, SABIHA N A., 2021; HOLYK C, LIESS H D, GRONDEL S, et al., 2021; LI Huan, LI Jianying., 2020).
According to engineering experience and relevant theories, a power cable fire is not a sudden accident, but rather a continuous increase in temperature, aging insulation, and in leakage current during the operation of the power cable, ultimately causing the accident (LI J, XU Y, ZHANG M, et al., 2019; LI Shengtao., WANG Shihang., YANG Liuqing., et al., 2022; LIU D W, LIU Y, LI F, et al., 2020). Therefore, by continuously monitoring the temperature changes of power cables, it is possible to fully and accurately understand the working conditions and carry out timely fault maintenance according to the situation. In particular, when the temperature is too high (exceeding the preset value) or it changes too quickly, the insulation is relatively weak. At this point, an alarm mechanism will be triggered and staff will be reminded to take timely action to avoid accidents (MOHAMED A, GOUDA O., 2020; Phadkule, Saket Sanjay, Sarma, Shrutidhara., 2023; RMA V, LARA J., 2020).