In this study, a review of green tourism research is conducted. Using bibliometric analysis, existing and emergent research clusters were identified for epistemological investigation in the study. The field of eco-friendly tourism and other research areas incorporating similar areas such analysis aids in the identification of major subjects, interrelationships, and collaboration patterns. The visualization of similarities is used to create a graphical map of the green tourism study field (VOS). From 1987 to 2021, this source code analysed bibliography from 163 Scopus-indexed research publications. This graphical map reveals the contributions of writers and countries through time, as well as their collaboration and publication trends. This chapter provided major research concepts that have been analysed, as well as shared spaces of current study interest and potential research projects.
TopIntroduction
Green tourism is regularly used to associate for balancing approach towards tourism development that improves local cultural features, operates under community control, gives employment, and maintains economic benefits within local communities. In truth, the preceding concept is frequently misapplied, because economic gains can sometimes be lost to local communities. The tourist industry, for its part, utilizes the term “eco-tourism” to convey a message to visitors about energy conservation, avoiding coastal pollution, and so on.
Tourism
World Trade Organization (WTO) has divided tourism into three categories: - I. Tourism in the United States: It is made up of citizens who are travelling within their own country. This type of travel does not necessitate any formalities.
Inbound tourism refers to visitors from outside the country. Global tourism refers to people of a country travelling to another country. These three fundamental types of tourism can be combined to create three other types of tourism. First lined with Internal tourism refers to both domestic and international travel. Domestic and outbound tourism are two types of national tourism. Inbound and outbound tourism are two types of international tourism. (Tourism Industry Global Scenario, 2020) It is estimated that the Travel &Leisure industry contributes about 3.6 percent of global GDP and about 10.3 percent indirectly. More than 77 million people around the world are directly employed by this industry, which accounts for about 3% of the global workforce. It is one of the world's most important economic contributors. Market trends show that long-haul vacations and trips to neighboring countries are on the rise as well as trips to rural and ethnic areas for health and wellness, as well as trips to spiritual and eco-friendly destinations.
Literature Review
A method for determining the efficient correlation between air pollutants in data from cities and neighbouring locations was proposed via (Lili, 2021). In spite of the strategic study's efforts to use tourism to significantly reduce poverty, macro-level poverty alleviation is still poorly understood. Products and markets must constantly expand to meet mature tourism objections. Frequently the exact leisure firms are accused of primarily utilising the term “green” for marketing purposes.(Yfantidou et al., 2016)
There is detrimental impact on the transportation, resource development in business, as well as, to some extent, the geographic structure of the market town (Wu et al., 2021)A study confirms the need for and importance of forming a new global economic school aimed at sustainable development. A component model of green economy is proposed to capture the green economy's essence and content.(Ospanova et al., 2022) If effort-dependent revenue-sharing compels local inhabitants to participate in conserving, then this is an example of a community-based preservation approach based on a bio-economic model as asserted by (Prihayati & Veriasa, 2021).The systemic connections between eco-friendly experience education, green experience motivation, clean experience value, and green experience advantages were investigated (H. Chen et al., 2019). Model of the interactions between attitudes toward the environment its attractions, social & individual norms regarding non-polluting responsible behaviour, control beliefs, intentions and the desire to pay for such trips using the theory of planned behaviour was confirmed (Nowacki et al., 2021).There is a framework for developing green energy tourism strategies and policies that incorporates the necessary technological aspects for creating a smart city and a stylish and comfortable tourist destination (Lu et al., 2021). (Zhang & Chan, 2021) determines tourist purchase intentions of green products under the destination experience scenario, using the extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB).