A Blood Bank Management System-Based Internet of Things and Machine Learning Technologies

Introduction

Humanity should be the main practice of all people towards others in order to live in peace. One of the best characteristics of humanity is to help save people’s life. Modern and smart cities are evaluated by the healthcare level they provide, which is reflected on their production levels. The main problem in field of healthcare is to provide more accurate equipment and requirements for healing and saving human life, but what if the required equipment in already within our hands, do we offer them for helping patients to save their lives? The main equipment is the blood, which really save human life on earth. The main idea of this project is to encourage people to help themselves by being permanent donators and to help in managing the blood banks and hospitals.

The problem occurs when many patients in hospitals are in emergency situations and need blood urgently, but the hospital administration runs out of blood and they can't fully save the situation and in this way one's life becomes in danger. Most hospitals suffer from shortage in quantities of rare blood types (e.g., -AB, -B, +AB) to perform urgent surgeries, which leads hospital administration to ask patients’ families to donate the required blood quantities or they are forced to pay if the required quantities are already available in these hospitals or blood banks. According to the health international organization, each country has to donate with percent at least (2:3) % from its population (World Health Organization, 2019).

Recently, the ministry of healthy focus has been on improving the management processes between blood banks and hospitals (The Ministry of Health and Population, 2016). The proposed idea of this project (Point of Life: Blood Bank Management System (BBMS)) is to tackle problems related to the blood banks for collecting blood bags from donators and distributing them for interested hospitals according to criticality of patients’ cases. In addition to the lack of blood bags due to urgent patients requirements, the other problem that face blood banks and hospital administration could be summarized into the following points: (a) there were poor communication between hospitals and blood banks for reserving and delivering blood bags, (b) because blood bags are limited, hospital administration should set some criteria for reservation priorities, (c) blood banks have to select the most valuable places for starting their campaigns, (d) patients require urgent communication with donators. The proposed idea of the project concerns addressing and solving these problems in a way that encourages citizens to be permanent donators.

This chapter presents our software engineering and implementation details for an information system that serves Egyptian blood banks. This proposed system is called Blood Bank Management System (BBMS). This system will give assistance for the blood banks, starting from collecting the blood from the donators to distributing the blood bags for interested hospitals. This system was developed in order to improve the management, performance and the quality of services for the management of blood banks, which will be reflected on the number of the served patients in the hospitals (Egyptian National Hospitals).

The chapter is organized according to the system development life cycle (SDLC) of the waterfall model as follows. The next section presents background, then the related work section surveys current applications and researches to clarify opportunities and new features of the proposed system. The subsequent two sections present system architecture and software engineering details, such as use-cases, system sequence diagram and so on. After the implementation and results details are discussed, conclusion and future work are finally presented.