Abstract
The growth of wireless technology due to global population growth and urbanization has increased internet usage, intensifying network energy demands. Researchers and professionals prioritize energy efficiency to cut costs and reduce emissions, with a focus on wireless networks. This chapter explores energy efficiency's importance, particularly in ad hoc wireless and sensor networks. This study seeks to maintain energy efficiency while maximizing resources like node numbers, using computational methods and data envelopment analysis (DEA) with multicast incremental power (MIP) and coded packet algorithms as DEA inputs. An output-oriented DEA approach enhances network performance by increasing output while maintaining input resources. This research contributes significantly to understanding energy efficiency in wireless networks, providing valuable insights for network administrators and decision-makers, particularly in ad hoc wireless networks.
TopIntroduction
Wireless networks have experienced numerous attention due to the high increase in wireless communication technologies. Globally, the exponential increase in population, high level of development in the urban areas has equally resulted in massive growth in internet usage. This progress has resulted in continuous spike in energy requirement for enterprise and individual network users globally. Researchers, network operators, administrators have been motivated to innovate, review policies and network designs, and evaluate performance of networks (Melki, 2020). Energy efficiency has been seen as a way to reduce energy consumption to meet the development of the increase in demand in wireless networks. Lange et al. (2020) posit that the increase of energy efficiency or economic growth could determine the overall dynamic of energy consumption in the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector. For over a decade of ICT emergence, there has been a noticeable increase in energy efficiency (Lange et al., 2020), the energy efficiency research currently is more focused towards wireless applications in the networks. Energy efficiency is hinged on two main factors such as reduction of frequent rise in operational cost and reduction of carbon emission in the network because they are driven by energy (Jahid et al., 2019). Research on energy efficiency is becoming a central focus of research due to the continuous growth in energy demand coupled with incessant surge in the energy price.
The communication sector in the urban areas is one of the most affected in this energy challenge in view of the proliferation of ad hoc wireless and sensor wireless networks (Rashid & Rehmani, 2016; Al-Turjman et al., 2019). After several works have been published on energy efficiency in wireless`s networks. Zhu and Reddi (2013) as well as Zhu et al. (2016) identified that maximization of energy (energy harvesting) and minimization of energy consumption has constant benefits in promoting the efficiency of networks. These two research areas are important which are commonly investigated separately. Kyte (2018) reported that we are in the period to rethink and respect energy efficiency because of its worth though it’s reforming takes a long period but has huge impact. The forum of “Sustainable Energy for All” encourage every sectors that it possible to achieve energy efficiency with smarter thinking and sustainable approach. Thus, this chapter focuses on maximizing energy to improve performance in wireless networks. Presently, the importance of all wireless networks has gotten wide range of attention for their roles that cut across many fields due to their quality and potential applications in the civil and military environment. All wireless network comprises of many devices known as nodes, configured processor, memory and wireless communication capabilities which communicate through short-range of “ad hoc radio” connections (Čagalj et al., 2005). The advancements, growth and reports in all wireless usage have mandated researchers to devise approaches to evaluate the performance of networks to be energy efficient and super-efficient, hence, our focus to address the energy efficiency by considering the optimization of an energy based on output nodes to assist the network operators to achieve their target and provide efficient networks.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Output-Oriented DEA Approach: In DEA, this approach focuses on maximizing outputs (like data throughput) while keeping inputs (such as energy consumption) constant. It is used to enhance the performance of networks.
Network Performance: A measure of how effectively a network transmits and receives data. Key factors include speed, reliability, and efficiency.
Wireless Technology: The technology associated with the transmission of information over distances without the use of wires. In the context of this chapter, it pertains to the devices and methodologies used in constructing and operating wireless networks.
Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA): A performance measurement technique used to evaluate the efficiency of decision-making units (DMUs), such as nodes in a network. It involves comparing the ratios of inputs (like energy) to outputs (like data transferred).
Multicast Incremental Power (MIP): A technique in wireless networks for optimizing the power used in multicast transmissions. It aims to reduce the total power consumption while ensuring reliable data transmission to multiple recipients.
Coded Packet Algorithms: Algorithms used in network communications to encode data packets for efficient transmission, often used to improve the reliability and efficiency of data transfer in wireless networks.
Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: A type of wireless network that is formed without central administration or fixed infrastructure. Nodes in these networks communicate directly with each other and can dynamically join or leave the network.
Energy Efficiency: In the context of wireless networks, this refers to the effective use of energy in transmitting and receiving data, aiming to maximize network performance while minimizing energy consumption.
Wireless Networks: Communication networks that use wireless data connections for connecting nodes. They include a variety of technologies like Wi-Fi, cellular networks, and ad hoc wireless networks.
Optimization: The process of making a system, such as a wireless network, as effective, functional, or efficient as possible. In wireless networks, this often involves maximizing data transmission efficiency while minimizing energy consumption and other costs.