Institutional Policymaking and Its Implications in the Analysis of Institutional Change

Institutions

Institutions are the set of rules shaping collective action distinguishing between repeated and non-repeated collective actions such as the case of revolutions and wars (North, 1990a). An institution, according to Commons is the collective action in restraining, liberate and expand individual actions (Commons, 1934/1961). Politics is considered as a series of collective action dilemmas with outcomes determined by the strategic interactions among the political actors, due to the absent of institutional arrangements to encourage cooperation (Hall & Taylor 1996). Institutions are a relevant factor in sustainable capacity building, innovation and technology management and technological promotion during the dissemination process.