Modeling of Anti-Islanding Protection for Solar Energy-Based Microgrid

Modeling of Anti-Islanding Protection for Solar Energy-Based Microgrid

Dharmbir Prasad, Rudra Pratap Singh, Anis Hakim, Ranadip Roy, Md. Irfan Khan
Copyright: © 2024 |Pages: 29
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-9130-0.ch008
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Abstract

Effective management of renewable energy resources becomes a key task with an increasing penetration at the distribution level. Renewable plants may be small or medium low voltage networks but consist of several sources and loads having a combined effect. Increasing interest and investment in renewable energy give rise to rapid development of high penetration solar energy. There are multiple ways to interface solar panel arrays with the power grid. A system can switch from a grid tie mode to an island mode of operation in the event of a utility grid fault. The active local passive approach is a point of common coupling taken into consideration for anti-islanding protection in integrated systems. This work analyzes the effect of grid tied PV systems, which can enhance power system reliability. A grid-connected PV system is modeled in PSCAD software to examine its operation and controlling aspects; however, system capacity sizing for the 5.03 kWp microgrid has been performed using PVsyst tools.
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Introduction

One of the promising DERs is the solar plant with free and clean source, which needs sunshine to produce electricity. To avoid problems with power outages, the centralized power plant may need to boost the grid's reserve power as a result of the increased use of DER. Additionally, the system may experience problems with anti-islanding protection due to the development of PV penetration. A grid-connected photovoltaic system comprises - PV panels and DC-DC converter which converts DC power from PV panel side voltage to required DC bus voltage. While a DC-AC converter is used as a power interfacing between the DC PV panels and the AC grid. The control strategy of the DC-AC inverter that interfaces the PV array with the utility service needs to achieve the following control objectives in order to assure an efficient energy transfer:

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    The control strategy applies to the PV module so as to track the MPP for maximizing the energy capture.

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    The efficient conversion of the input DC power into an ac output current which has to be fed into the grid.

The utility must maintain an effective grid-tie DG system to deal with islanding issues (refer to Figure 1). The detection techniques are commonly categorized into two types, active and passive.

Figure 1.

Classification of anti-islanding detection methodologies

978-1-6684-9130-0.ch008.f01

The most basic requirement is expressed in terms of minimum islanding detection time for which quality of the load is an important determinant. The generator must detect the formation of an island and disconnect itself from the grid within the stipulated time period. The following is a list of the most frequent effects of DG connection on utility network security:

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    false tripping of feeders

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    nuisance tripping of protective devices

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    blinding of protection

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    fault levels rise or reduction with connection and disconnection of DERs

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    unintentional islanding

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    automatic reclosing prevention

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    re-closing out-of-synchronism devices

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