Abstract
Working women face barriers based on gender discrimination in Turkey and around the world, especially in terms of their career development. In this context, gender discrimination is one of the most important problems that prevents the development of societies. Gender discrimination in terms of working life is the exclusion of women, although it does not affect the performance of work, and as a result, the power, satisfaction level, and income in the workplace are shared among men. Gender discrimination can be in the form of paying different wages for the same job, or it can occur in the form of individuals with equal efficiency having different jobs corresponding to different levels of pay. The aim of the study is to reveal the place of women working in Turkey in the labor market and the unfairness of wages they face. In this context, the study is important for providing proposals to prevent wage inequality in Turkey.
TopResearch Metodology
The gender equality of women in Turkey on a global scale and Turkey's status in terms of global gender equality index criteria were determined using the World Economic Forum Global Gender Equality Index Report published in 2020. In the study, the place of women in the labor market in Turkey and gender-based wage differences; It has been evaluated by making use of the current statistical data of the Labor Force Statistics, Earnings Structure Research and Income and Living Conditions Research published by TURKSTAT and the report published in 2020 with the cooperation of TURKSTAT-ILO.
Key Terms in this Chapter
Wage Discrimination or Wage Inequality: It is female employees who have the same level of education as male employees and do the same job are referred to as lower wages than male employees.
Global Gender Equality Index Report: The Global Gender Equality Index is an index originally published by the World Economic Forum in 2006 and designed to measure gender equality. This index report includes criteria such as women's participation in the economy, health, political participation, and equality of opportunity.
Income and Living Conditions Survey: Since 2006, it is the research that is applied annually and the “panel survey” technique is used to reveal the distribution of income between households and individuals in Turkey, to measure and profile people’s living conditions, social exclusion, and poverty with income size.
Gender Discrimination: It is defined as women in society lacking basic services, experiencing unequal conditions compared to men in having opportunities and resources, being abused, and being represented at low rates in politics and working life.
Gender Pay Gap: It is the percentage of the wage gap between men and women within the male wage, according to the turkish statistical institute' definition.
Earnings Structure Survey: It is a study, the first of which was applied for 2006 and repeated at four-year intervals, whose purpose is to provide information about the level, structure and development of earnings.