Integrating various renewable energy sources is the most desirable feature of smart grids. However, this component faces various challenges. Advanced energy storage at the transmission, distribution, and residential levels, Static VAR compensators and synchro-phasors within the transmission grid, dynamic pricing demand response, micro grids, virtual power plants, and smart wind and solar technologies are some of the tools for Renewable Energy Integration (REI).
Published in Chapter:
Load Flow Analysis in Smart Grids
Osman Hasan (National University of Science and Technology, Pakistan),
Awais Mahmood (National University of Sciences and Technology, Pakistan), and
Syed Rafay Hasan (Tennessee Technological University, USA)
Copyright: © 2018
|Pages: 11
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.ch271
Abstract
Load flow analysis is widely used to estimate the flow of various electrical parameters, such as the voltage, current and power, in power grids. These estimates allow us to effectively and reliably manage the given grid under random and uncertain conditions. Given the enormous amount of randomness and uncertainties in the factors that affect the smart grids, compared to traditional power grids, a complete and rigorous load flow analysis holds a vital role in ensuring the reliability of this safety-critical domain. In this chapter, we describe smart grids in terms of their basic components and then categorize the factors that affect the loads in smart grids. This is followed by a comprehensive survey of various existing load flow analysis techniques, i.e., numerical, computational intelligence and probabilistic.