Abstract
This exploratory and descriptive study aims to analyze the impacts and effectiveness of a public innovation policy promoted by a city hall in a Brazilian state capital involving startups, large companies, and a scientific and technological institution between 2017 and 2019; the purpose of this study is to promote economic development and address urban problems common to large metropolises. The strategy adopted, inspired by the propositions of the Triple Helix, was able to bring together startups, large companies, a city hall, and an important representative of academia. The results indicate the evolution of indicators of entrepreneurship in the city and present important lessons for the formulation of municipal innovation policies in Brazil.
Top2. Literature Review
According to the Oslo Manual, a central document widely used in public policies to stimulate technological innovation, innovation is the implementation of a new or significantly improved product (good or service), or a process, or a new marketing method, or a new organizational method in business practices, workplace organization or external relations (OECD, 2006).
According to Potts and Kastelle apud Brandão, S.M. and Bruno-Faria M.F. (2013), from the economic point of view, there are three reasons to stimulate innovation in the public sector: the first is that, in most countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the public sector is a significant component of macroeconomics, and contributes with a significant portion (between 20 and 50%) of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The second is that the public sector is responsible for providing services to citizens and businesses, and innovation can achieve better results through new ways of solving problems. The third is that the public sector is responsible for fostering innovation in the private sector.
Public policies are understood as:
Key Terms in this Chapter
Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurship is directly associated with innovation. Entrepreneurship means solving problems, developing solutions, and investing resources in creating something new.
Triple Helix: Triple Helix is an articulation between three social actors—the university, the private sector, and the government—with the aim of generating regional development in the area of innovation.
Startup: Startup is a young organization built to find an innovative, scalable, and repeatable business model.
Digital Transformation: The digital transformation is the adoption of digital technological tools, which is forcing people to change their lifestyle. It is the virtualization of organizational operations, allowing to streamline processes and maximize results.
Public Innovation Policy: Public innovation policies are governmental actions to promote activities in the area of science, technology and innovation that can result in satisfactory results of growth and development of the country at the federal, state and local levels.
Innovation: Innovation is an invention that became a business, generating jobs and income.
Economic Subsidy: The economic subsidy consists of a direct contribution of public resources to companies to carry out innovative projects.