Abstract
The industry's internet of things (IoT) applications have drawn significant research attention in recent decades. IoT is a technology in which intelligent objects with sensors-enabled RFID tags, actuators, and processors communicate information to cater to a meaningful purpose in the industry. This way, IoT technology aims to simplify the distributed data collection in industrial practice, sharing and processing information and knowledge across many collaborating partners using suitable enterprise information systems. This chapter describes new methods with grounded knowledge representation techniques to address the needs of formal information modeling and reasoning for web-based services. The chapter presents a framework, apparel business decentralized data integration (ABDDI), which uses knowledge representation methods and formal languages (e.g., description logics – DLs) to annotate necessary business activities. This type of web service requires increased interoperability in service management operations.
TopIntroduction
Humanity dwells on mother earth with ambitious goals demanding unprecedented social, economic, and environmental challenges. Science, technology, and innovation are playing an enormous role in realizing these ambitious goals. The process of creative destruction started by technological progress can help change economies and improve living conditions by increasing productivity, reducing production costs and prices, and helping to raise real wages. One of the essential ingredients to create a better world is using technology to move forward and unprecedented change in its scope and pace of daily life.
This way, harnessing the frontier of technologies help to mitigate the persistent gaps among developed and developing nations in getting and using existing technologies. It also creates and delivers innovations (including non-technological and new forms of social innovation), could be transformative in creating sustainable development goals and producing more prosperous, inclusive, and healthy societies. They provide the prospect of solutions and opportunities for sustainable development that are better, cheaper, faster, scalable, and easy to use. The extent of technological advances' development impact has already ushered in the transformative implications of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in many countries worldwide. However, these new technologies are often threatening to outpace the ability of societies and policymakers to adapt to the changes they can create, giving rise to widespread anxiety and ambivalence or hostility to some technological advances.
The question of where ideas come from is on the mind of a researcher visiting a research laboratory, a painter’s workshop, or an inventor’s experiment laboratory. It is the secret human society hope to see – the magic that happens when new things are born. Even in environments geared for creativity like the discovery of millimeter radio wave by Professor Jagadish Chandra Bose. The world is witnessing the tremendous influence of wireless communication technology on daily working activities. The modern wireless telecommunication is heavily influenced by three great scientific minds – James Clerk Maxwell (Mahon, 2004), Jagadish Chandra Bose (Sarkar et al., 2006), and Tim Berners-Lee (Berners-Lee, 2000). James Clerk Maxwell provided the theoretical foundation of electromagnetic wave propagation; Jagadish Chandra Bose showed to his colleagues the transmission of millimeter waves by transmitting this new type of waves in Presidency College (Calcutta, India) laboratory, and Tim Berners-Lee created the World Wide Web at CERN (Geneva, Switzerland). Today’s computer data communication network is at once intangible and in a constant state of mutation, growing larger and more complex with each passing second. A large portion of the world business community is using this incredible network of networks for day to day works.
The advent of development and adoption of new technologies in recent decades is likely to continue, and this continuation is driven by: (i) the cumulative nature of technological change; (ii) the exponential nature of technologies such as microchips that are doubled in power every two years for more than half a century; (iii) the convergence of technologies into new combinations; (iv) drastic reduction in costs; (v) the emergence of digital “platforms of platforms” – most prominently the Internet; and (v) declining entry costs.
Different emerging technologies are presenting the promising potential to improve human society’s day-to-day living experiences. Extensive data analysis is opening a new horizon for the scientific community. It can help manage or resolve critical global issues, create new scientific breakthroughs, advance human health-related decision-making by providing real-time streams of categorical information. This way, big data technologies have already made some eye-catching impact in fields related to healthcare, the medical diagnosis from imaging data in medicine, quantifying lifestyle data in the fitness industry, to mention a few. The Internet of Things (IoT) considers the condition and actions of related connected intelligent machines and objects to be monitored and managed and allows more effective monitoring of the natural world, animals, and people. These two technologies have critical applications in healthcare, agriculture, manufacturing, energy, and water management systems.
Key Terms in this Chapter
EPC: Electronic Product Code (EPC) is a low-cost RFID tag designed for consumer products as a replacement for the universal product code (UPC).
Semantic Web service: A Semantic Web Service, like conventional web services, is the server end of a client-server system for machine-to-machine interaction via the Web. Semantic services are a component of the semantic Web because they use mark-up which makes data machine-readable in a detailed and sophisticated way (as compared with human-readable HTML which is usually not easily “understood” by computer programs).
RFID Reader: An RFID transceiver, providing real and possible access to RFID tags information.
RFID Tag: An RFID tag (or transponder), typically consisting of an RF coupling element and a microchip that carries identifying data. Tag functionality may range from simple identification to being able to form an ad hoc network.
Web Ontology Language (OWL): The Web Ontology Language (OWL) is a semantic mark-up language for publishing and sharing ontologies on the Web. OWL is developed as a vocabulary extension of RDF (the Resource Description Framework) and is derived from the DAML + OIL Web Ontology Language.
Supply Chain Management: Supply chain management encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing, procurement, manufacturing, and distribution. Importantly, it also includes coordination and collaboration with channel partners, which can be suppliers, intermediaries, third-party service providers, and customers. In essence, supply chain management integrates supply and demand management within and across companies.
Internet of Things: Internet of things (IoT) means networks of things, software, sensors, network connectivity, and embedded ‘things or physical objects. It collects or exchanges data. IoT makes objects sensed or controlled through a network infrastructure, supports integration between physical real world and automated information systems, and brings various effects such as improved productivity or economy in manufacturing industries.
Ontology: Information sharing among supply chain business partners using information systems is an important enabler for supply chain management. There are diverse types of data to be shared across the supply chain, namely – order, inventory, shipment , and customer service . Consequently, information about these issues needs to be shared to achieve efficiency and effectiveness in supply chain management. In this way, information-sharing activities require that human and / or machine agents agree on common and explicit business-related concepts (the shared conceptualization among hardware / software-agents, customers, and service providers) are known as explicit ontologies; and this help to exchange data and derived knowledge out of the data to achieve collaborative goals of business operations.
Description Logic: Description logics (DL) are a family of formal knowledge representation languages. Many DLs are more expressive than propositional logic, but less expressive than first-order logic.