What is Operational Issues

Pre-pandemic Canadian universities relied on international student enrolment to generate revenue and instill beneficial internationalization on Canadian campuses. As the pandemic disrupted established pedagogical practices and international students' on-campus participation, how international programs are delivered has been re-envisioned and recalibrated. Initially, changes in teaching and learning were reactionary and predicated on available resources, often laden with problems identified in OCUFA findings. Upon careful examination and reflection of current practices in Ontario universities, the authors developed a framework derived from policy literature that examines international program delivery from pedagogical, technological, and operational standpoints. The proposed framework can be applied in planning and evaluating universities' international program activities, near or far, mediated by technology or not, and applicable beyond the pandemic.