Abstract

AI systems, particularly those embedded in diagnostic algorithms, robotic surgery, virtual nursing assistants, predictive analytics, and administrative support tools, are redefining the ways in which healthcare is delivered, experienced, and regulated. While these technologies promise enhanced efficiency, accuracy, and personalization of care, they also challenge conventional ethical frameworks that have long guided medical practice. Issues surrounding privacy, autonomy, informed consent, equity, and the potential for algorithmic bias demand urgent ethical scrutiny. As AI systems gain the ability to make decisions that affect patient outcomes, the traditional roles of human clinicians, patients, and institutions are being recalibrated, creating a need for bioethics to evolve in response. particularly in contexts involving informed consent and decision-making. Traditional models of informed consent assume the presence of a human physician capable of explaining risks and benefits to a patient.