Improving Automated Planning with Machine Learning

Improving Automated Planning with Machine Learning

Susana Fernández Arregui, Sergio Jiménez Celorrio, Tomás de la Rosa Turbides
Copyright: © 2012 |Pages: 19
DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60960-818-7.ch510
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Abstract

This chapter reports the last machine learning techniques for the assistance of automated planning. Recent discoveries in automated planning have opened the scope of planners, from toy problems to real-world applications, making new challenges come into focus. The planning community believes that machine learning can assist to address these new challenges. The chapter collects the last machine learning techniques for assisting automated planners classified in: techniques for the improvement of the planning search processes and techniques for the automatic definition of planning action models. For each technique, the chapter provides an in-depth analysis of their domain, advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the chapter draws the outline of the new promising avenues for research in learning for planning systems.
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Background

An AP task is defined by two elements: (1) a set of actions that represents the state-transition function of the world (the planning domain) and (2), a set of facts that represent the initial state together with the goals of the AP task (the planning problem). These two elements are typically represented in languages coming from the first-order logic. In the early days of AP, STRIPS was the most popular representation language. In 1998 the Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) was developed for the first International Planning Competition (IPC). Since that date, PDDL has become the standard representation language for the AP community. According to the PDDL specification (Fox & Long, 2003), an action in the planning domain is represented by: (1) the action preconditions, a list of predicates indicating the facts that must be true so the action becomes applicable and (2) the action effects, which is a list of predicates indicating the changes in the state after the action application. Like STRIPS, PDDL follows the closed world assumption to solve the frame problem. Regarding this assumption, what is not currently known to be true, is false.

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