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Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition (8 Volumes)

Release Date: October, 2008. Copyright © 2009. 5266 pages.
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DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60566-026-4, ISBN13: 9781605660264, ISBN10: 1605660264, EISBN13: 9781605660271
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MLA

Khosrow-Pour, Mehdi. "Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition (8 Volumes)." IGI Global, 2009. 1-5266. Web. 19 Jun. 2013. doi:10.4018/978-1-60566-026-4

APA

Khosrow-Pour, M. (2009). Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition (8 Volumes) (pp. 1-5266). doi:10.4018/978-1-60566-026-4

Chicago

Khosrow-Pour, Mehdi. "Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition (8 Volumes)." 1-5266 (2009), accessed June 19, 2013. doi:10.4018/978-1-60566-026-4

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Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition (8 Volumes)
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Description

As research advances in computing technology continue to accelerate, so too do the emerging opportunities, issues, and challenges facing individuals, organizations, and societies concerning the utilization and management of technology. This change-driven environment creates a critical need for a comprehensive, up-to-date reference to the full range of concepts, issues, methods, technologies, and trends associated with the field.

The Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Second Edition is a matchless compendium of over 750 authoritative, research-based entries/chapters contributed by nearly 1,200 researchers and experts from 60 countries on a complete range of topics that, together, define the contemporary state of knowledge on technology and its organizational, managerial, behavioral, and social implications. This indispensable reference work is also enhanced with thorough definitions of more than 6,000 technical and managerial terms, as well as an exhaustive reference section that directs researchers, scholars, students, and practitioners to more than 17,500 additional sources for further reading and research. An essential addition to any academic library's reference collection, this discipline defining encyclopedia will serve research needs in numerous fields that are affected by the rapid pace and profound impact of technological change.

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Table of Contents and List of Contributors

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1.
Axel Schmetzke (University of Wisconsin, USA)
After 20 years of digitization efforts, hardly a single type of library information resource remains that has not shifted, at least to some extent, to an electronic,... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
2.
Longbing Cao (University of Technology Sydney, Australia)
Actionable knowledge discovery is selected as one of the greatest challenges (Ankerst, 2002; Fayyad, Shapiro, & Uthurusamy, 2003) of next-generation knowledge discov... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
3.
Josipa Kern (University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Andrija Stampar School of Public Health, Croatia), Kristina Fister (University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Andrija Stampar School of Public Health, Croatia), Ozren Polasek (University of Za)
The healing process can be viewed as a partnership between doctors and patients, nurses and physicians or, more generally, a partnership of health professionals and... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
4.
Arthur Tatnall (Victoria University, Australia)
Building an information system is a difficult task, partly due to the problem of ascertaining the requirements of the intended users, but also because of the complex... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
5.
Thomas Kunz (Carleton University, Canada), Abdulbaset Gaddah (Carleton University, Canada)
The convergence of two technological developments has made mobile computing a reality. In the last few years, developed countries spent large amounts of money to ins... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
6.
Stefano Ferretti (University of Bologna, Italy), Marco Roccetti (University of Bologna, Italy), Claudio E. Palazzi (University of Bologna, Italy)
Audio communication over IP-based networks represents one of the most interesting research areas in the field of distributed multimedia systems. Today, routing the v... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
7.
John M. Artz (The George Washington University, USA)
The central problem in cyber ethics is not, as many might think, how to address the problems of protecting individual privacy, or preventing software piracy, or forc... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
8.
Arthur Tatnall (Victoria University, Australia), Stephen Burgess (Victoria University, Australia)
Just because e-commerce technologies seem like useful tools that may assist a small to medium enterprise (SME) do its business better, it does not necessarily follow... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
9.
Serena Cubico (University of Verona, Italy), Giuseppe Favretto (University of Verona, Italy)
The role played by small business in economic growth and development in the world is officially recognized, in both the economic literature and in official documents... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
10.
Chad Lin (Curtin University of Technology, Australia), Yu-An Huang (National Chi Nan University, Taiwan)
Information systems/information technology (IS/IT) represents substantial financial investment for many organizations (Lin, Huang, & Tseng, 2007; Standing, Guilfoyle... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
11.
Yu-Jin Zhang (Tsinghua University, China)
Along with the progress of imaging modality and the wide utility of digital images (including video) in various fields, many potential content producers have emerged... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
12.
Niki Aifanti (Informatics & Telematics Institute, Greece), Angel D. Sappa (Computer Vision Center, Spain), Nikos Grammalidis (Informatics & Telematics Institute, Greece), Sotiris Grammalidis Malassiotis (Informatics & Telematics Institute, Greece)
Tracking and recognition of human motion has become an important research area in computer vision. In real world conditions it constitutes a complicated problem, con... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
13.
Bruce MacLennan (University of Tennessee, USA)
It is commonly supposed that software engineering is—and should be—focused on technical and scientific issues, such as correctness, efficiency, reliability, testabil... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
14.
Lynette Kvasny (The Pennsylvania State University, USA), Fay Cobb Payton (North Carolina State University, USA)
The Internet has become an integral part of America’s entertainment, communication, and information culture. Since the mid 1990s, the Internet has become prevalent i... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
15.
Agent Technology (pages 83-87)
J.J. Ch. Meyer (Utrecht University, The Netherlands)
Agent technology is a rapidly growing subdiscipline of computer science on the borderline of artificial intelligence and software engineering that studies the constr... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
16.
V.K. Murthy (University of New South Wales, Australia), E.V. Krishnamurthy (Australian National University, Australia)
This article describes in brief the design of agent-based negotiation system in e-marketing. Such a negotiation scheme requires the construction of a suitable set of... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
17.
Kuldar Taveter (The University of Melbourne, Australia), Leon Sterling (The University of Melbourne, Australia)
Over the past decade, the target environment for software development has complexified dramatically. Software systems must now operate robustly in a dynamic, global,... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
18.
Sheng-Uei Guan (National University of Singapore, Singapore)
An emerging outcome of the popularization of the Internet are electronic commerce and payment systems, which present great opportunities for businesses, reduce trans... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
19.
Nancy Alexopoulou (University of Athens, Greece), Panagiotis Kanellis (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece), Drakoulis Martakos (National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece)
Operating in highly turbulent environments, organizations today are faced with the need to continually adjust their infrastructure and strategies in order to remain... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
20.
Meira Levy (Haifa University, Israel), Orit Hazzan (Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Israel)
This article is based on the assumption that Knowledge Management (KM) is a vital part of any project. Based on this working assumption, the purpose of this article... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
21.
John McAvoy (University College Cork, Ireland), David Sammon (University College Cork, Ireland)
Discussions on agile software development methodologies have a tendency to develop into an argument between proponents of agile methods and proponents of more tradit... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
22.
El-Sayed Aboud Zeid (Concordia University, Canada)
The role of knowledge as a crucial asset for and enterprise’s survival and advancement has been recognized by several researchers (e.g., von Krogh, Ichijo, & Nonaka,... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
23.
AC Leonard (University of Pretoria, South Africa)
International data corportation surveyed 283 top executives across three vertical industries: finance, manufacturing, and retail/wholesale. They found "a strong corr... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
24.
Caroline Byrne (Institute of Technology Carlow, Ireland), Michael O’Grady (University College Dublin, Ireland), Gregory O’Hare (University College Dublin, Ireland)
Ambient intelligence (AmI) is a relatively new and distinct interpretation of the mobile computing paradigm. However, its recognition that embedded intelligence, eit... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
25.
Masoud Mohammadian (University of Canberra, Australia)
Computational intelligence techniques such as neural networks, fuzzy logic, and evolutionary algorithms have been applied successfully in the place of the complex ma... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
26.
Marga Nácher (Technical University of Valencia, Spain), Carlos Tavares Calafate (Technical University of Valencia, Spain), Juan-Carlos Cano (Technical University of Valencia, Spain), Pietro Manzoni (Technical University of Valencia, Spain)
In our daily life no one questions the necessity of privacy protection. Nevertheless, our privacy is often put at risk. The first problem has to do with the fact tha... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
27.
Alex A. Freitas (University of Kent, UK), Rafael S. Parpinelli (UDESC, Brazil), Heitor S. Lopes (UTFPR, Brazil)
Ant colony optimization (ACO) is a relatively new computational intelligence paradigm inspired by the behavior of natural ants (Dorigo & Stutzle, 2004). Ants often f... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
28.
Catherine M. Ridings (Lehigh University, USA), David Gefen (Drexel University, USA)
Online virtual communities have existed on the Internet since the early 1980s as Usenet newsgroups. With the advent of the World Wide Web and emphasis on Web site in... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
29.
Mikael Wiberg (Umea University, Sweden)
Just a couple of years ago several mobile phone operators and others (e.g., Helal, 1999; Galambos, 2002; Ilderem, 2005) pushed forward “anytime, anywhere” as a goal... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
30.
Ali Reza Montazemi (McMaster University, Canada), Akbar Esfahanipour (Amirkabir University of Technology, Iran)
to capture perceived relationships of attributes related to ill-structured decision problems that decision makers have to face. This article provides an overview of... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
31.
Mary Jane Lenard (University of North Carolina, USA), Pervaiz Alam (Kent State University, USA)
In light of recent reporting of the failures of some of the major publicly-held companies in the U.S. (e.g., Enron & WorldCom), it has become increasingly important... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
32.
Matthew W. Guah (Warwick University, UK), Wendy L. Currie (Warwick University, UK)
Several historical shifts in information systems (IS) involved strategies from a mainframe to a client server, and now to application service provision (ASP) for int... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
33.
Natalie Clewley (Brunel University, UK), Sherry Y. Chen (Brunel University, UK), Xiaohui Liu (Brunel University, UK)
With the explosion in the amount of data produced in commercial environments, organizations are faced with the challenge of how to collect, analyze, and manage such... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
34.
Nidia J. Moncallo (Universidad Nacional Experimental Politécnica, Venezuela), Pilar Herrero (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain), Luis Joyanes (Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Spain)
The evolution of ICT and the influence over educational areas has been very significant in recent years, changing conception of learning environments, communications... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
35.
David Dwayne Williams (Brigham Young University, USA)
As indicated by the wide range of topics addressed by this Encyclopedia, the fields of information science and technology have grown exponentially. Likewise, the fie... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
36.
Dávid Tegze (Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary), Mihály Orosz (Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary), Gábor Hosszú (Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary), Ferenc Kovács (Budapest University of Tec)
The article presents an approach to optimize the multicast transport protocols. The main constraint of this procedure is the orthogonality (linear independence) of p... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
37.
José Aurelio Medina-Garrido (Cadiz University, Spain), María José Crisóstomo-Acevedo (Jerez Hospital, Spain)
Information technologies have become essential for most businesses, including those in the healthcare industry (Chau & Hu, 2004; Rodger & Pendharkar, 2000). Informat... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
38.
Tony C. Shan (Bank of America, USA), Winnie W. Hua (CTS Inc., USA)
The e-business models in today’s globalized business world demand ever-increasing flexibility, responsiveness, and agility of information technology (IT) solutions.... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
39.
Matthias Häsel (University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany)
Many researchers regard multiplayer online games as the future of the interactive entertainment industry (Brun, Safaei, & Boustead, 2006; El Rhalibi & Merabti, 2005;... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
40.
Mark Kieler (Carnegie Mellon University, USA), Michael J. West (Carnegie Mellon University, USA)
The authors define “intellectual creations” as human expressions embodied in text, music, or other forms of art. Increasingly, we encode these creations in digital f... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
41.
Roy Rada (University of Maryland, USA)
The techniques of artificial intelligence include knowledgebased, machine learning, and natural language processing techniques. The discipline of investing requires... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
42.
Carey Goh (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong), Henry M.K. Mok (The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong), Rob Law (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong)
The tourism industry has become one of the fastest growing industries in the world, with international tourism flows in year 2006 more than doubled since 1980. In te... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
43.
Leopoldo Colmenares (Simon Bolivar University, Venezuela)
An enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is an integrated set of programs that provides support for core organizational activities. ERP is a software infrastruct... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
44.
Joseph Bradley (University of Idaho, USA)
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems claim to meet the information needs of organizations. These off-the-shelf software packages replace hard to maintain solut... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
45.
Ioannis N. Kouris (University of Patras, Greece), Christos Makris (University of Patras, Greece), Evangelos Theodoridis (University of Patras, Greece), Athanasios Tsakalidis (University of Patras, Greece)
In recent years, we have witnessed an explosive growth in the amount of data generated and stored from practically all possible fields (e.g., science, business, medi... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
46.
Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan (Wright State University, USA)
Attribute grammars are a framework for defining semantics of programming languages in a syntax-directed fashion. In this chapter, we define attribute grammars, and t... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
47.
Olga De Troyer (WISE Research Group, Belgium)
In the last years, Web systems have evolved from a simple collection of hypertext pages toward applications supporting complex (business) applications, offering (rap... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
48.
Simon Dixon (Austrian Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence, Austria)
The last decade has seen a revolution in the use of digital audio: The CD, which one decade earlier had taken over the home audio market, is starting to be replaced... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
49.
Zippy Erlich (The Open University of Israel, Israel), Moshe Zviran (Tel-Aviv University, Israel)
With the rapid growth of networked systems and applications such as e-commerce, the demand for effective computer security is increasing. Most computer systems are p... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
50.
Autognomic Intellisite (pages 294-299)
Jon Ray Hamann (University at Buffalo, State University of New York, USA)
The 20th century saw the beginning of the evolution of learning machines from the growth of Boolean computers into Bayesian inference machines (Knuth, 2003). For som... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
51.
J. William Holland (Georgia Bureau of Investigation, USA)
Criminal Justice has been one of the public sectors in the forefront of the move toward automation and digital government. The effect of computerization on American... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
52.
El-Sayed Abou-Zeid (Concordia University, Canada)
In the last decade a new generation of information systems (ISs), such as Web-based information systems and knowledge management support systems, have emerged in res... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
53.
Y. Goletsis (University of Ioannina, Greece), C. Papaloukas (University of Ioannina, Greece), Th. Exarhos (University of Ioannina, Greece), C.D. Katsis (University of Ioannina, Greece)
Bankruptcy prediction or corporate failure is considered a classic issue in both, academic and business communities. Bankruptcy risk is one of the most important fac... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
54.
Alexander Richter (Bundeswehr University Munich, Germany), Volker Derballa (Augsburg University, Germany)
Knowledge and Knowledge Management (KM) are gaining more and more attention in theory and practice. This development can be observed by an increasing number of publi... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
55.
Neil F. Doherty (Loughborough University, UK), Malcolm King (Loughborough University, UK)
Information technology is now a ubiquitous and increasingly critical part of the fabric of the modern organization, supporting its day-to-day operations and all aspe... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
56.
Debra A. Major (Old Dominion University, USA), Valerie L. Morganson (Old Dominion University, USA)
Researchers over the last decade have generated a body of literature which is informed by management research and theory and tailored to the unique demands that char... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
57.
Frédéric Adam (University College Cork, Ireland), Jean-Charles Pomerol (Université Pierre et Marie Curie, France)
After more than 30 years of research on how the work of managers can be supported by computers, the observation that developing computer systems that are truly usefu... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
58.
Scott Nicholson (Syracuse University, USA), Jeffrey Stanton (Syracuse University, USA)
Most people think of a library as the little brick building in the heart of their community or the big brick building in the center of a campus. These notions greatl... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
59.
Biometric Authentication (pages 346-354)
Julien Mahier (ENSICAEN, France), Marc Pasquet (GREYC Laboratory (ENSICAEN – Université Caen Basse Normandie - CNRS), France), Christophe Rosenberger (GREYC Laboratory (ENSICAEN – Université Caen Basse Normandie - CNRS), France), Félix Cuozzo (ENSICAEN, France)
For ages, humans recognized themselves according to different characteristics (appearance, behavior…). Biometrics is a well known technique to identify an individual... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
60.
Hunny Mehrotra (Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India), Pratyush Mishra (Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India), Phalguni Gupta (Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India)
In today’s high-speed world, millions of transactions occur every minute. For these transactions, data need to be readily available for the genuine people who want t... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
61.
Cota Navin Gupta (University of Essex, UK), Ramaswamy Palaniappan (University of Essex, UK)
Recognizing humans based upon one’s intrinsic physical or behavioral traits has been gaining acceptance and is termed as biometrics. It involves either confirmation... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
62.
Biometric Technologies (pages 369-374)
Yingzi ("Eliza") Du (Indiana University, Purdue University, USA)
Biometrics is an emerging technology for automatic human identification and verification using unique biological traits (Woodward, Orlans, & Higgins, 2002). These tr... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
63.
Blended Learning Models (pages 375-382)
Charles R. Graham (Brigham Young University, USA)
Technological advances and widespread access to information and communication technologies (ICTs) have facilitated the rapid growth of blended learning approaches in... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
64.
Bonded Design (pages 383-388)
Andrew Large (McGill University, Canada), Valerie Nesset (McGill University, Canada)
It is hardly controversial to argue for user involvement in the technology design process: the issue rather is the extent of that involvement and whether or not this... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
65.
Anna Malina (e-Society Research, UK)
Perceptions of the different meanings and issues surrounding the term digital divide have set the scene for policy development in various countries. In recent times,... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
66.
Brian Whitworth (Massey University Auckland, New Zealand)
The term sociotechnical was introduced by the Tavistock Institute in the 1950’s for manufacturing cases where the needs of technology confronted those of local commu... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
67.
István Mezgár (Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary)
Thanks to rapidly developing information and communication technologies, the complexity of networked organizations has become very high, so the representation of the... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
68.
John M. Carroll (The Pennsylvania State University, USA)
Educational technology provides many examples of how efficient software development and deployment is not enough. Teachers work in a complex and dynamic context in w... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
69.
Helen Thompson (University of Ballarat, Australia)
Information communications technology (ICT) has been identified as a key enabler in the achievement of regional and rural success, particularly in terms of economic... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
70.
Susan A. Baim (Miami University, USA)
Over the past two decades, police departments around the globe have been involved in a slow, but steady transition from call-based policing to community-oriented pol... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
71.
Bo Chen (Cleveland State University, USA), Wenbing Zhao (Cleveland State University, USA)
Online gaming has become a multibillion-dollar industry. The security and dependability of such games are critical for both the game providers and honest game player... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
72.
Building Wireless Grids (pages 433-437)
Marlyn Kemper Littman (Nova Southeastern University, USA)
The accelerating implementation and remarkable popularity of sophisticated mobile devices, including notebook computers, cellular phones, sensors, cameras, portable... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
73.
Ronaldo Zwicker (University of São Paolo, Brazil)
IT diffusion is central to the new economy and is reflected in a process of informatization of society and businesses. Although initially coined to represent the dif... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
74.
Calin Gurau (GSCM – Montpellier Business School, France)
The traditional channels of marketing are gradually being transformed by, or assimilated into, the global network represented by the Internet and modern information... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
75.
Daniel Brandon Jr. (Christian Brothers University, USA)
The UML (Unified Modeling Language) has become a standard in design of object oriented computer systems (Schach, 2004). UML provides for the use of stereotypes to ex... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
76.
Christos Bouras (University of Patras and Research Academic Computer Technology Institute, Greece), Apostolos Gkamas (Research Academic Computer Technology Institute, Greece), George Theophilopoulos (Research Academic Computer Technology Institute, Greece), Thrasyvoulos Tsiatsos (Aris)
This article examines the most effective business model for the optimal exploitation of the currently developing broadband metropolitan area networks in various muni... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
77.
Vincent Yen (Wright State University, USA)
In large organizations, typical systems portfolios consist of a mix of legacy systems, proprietary applications, databases, off-the-shelf packages, and client-server... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
78.
John S. Edwards (Aston Business School, UK)
Knowledge has been a subject of interest and inquiry for thousands of years since at least the time of the ancient Greeks, and no doubt even before that. “What is kn... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
79.
Fang Zhao (Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Australia)
In today’s e-business, context, technology, customers, competitors, and partners can change rapidly. Technology can become obsolete in the blink of an eye and custom... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
80.
Subrata Chakrabarty (Texas A&M University, USA)
Firms pursue various strategies to exploit resources and capabilities and gain a competitive advantage (Porter, 1996). Interfirm relationships are collaborative agre... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
81.
Janet Toland (Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand), Robert Klepper (Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand)
Electronic commerce describes the process of buying, selling, transferring, or exchanging products, services, or information via computer networks including the Inte... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
82.
Christophe Cruz (Université de Bourgogne, France), Christophe Nicolle (Université de Bourgogne, France)
Decisions taken during the conception phases in huge architectural projects influence a lot the cost and the schedule of the building construction. To ease this deci... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
83.
Fatemeh Hosseinkhah (Howard University Hospital, USA), Hassan Ashktorab (Howard University Hospital, USA), Ranjit Veen (American University, USA), M. Mehdi Owrang O. (American University, USA)
Modern electronic health records are designed to capture and render vast quantities of clinical data during the health care process. Technological advancements in th... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
84.
Barbara Flügge (Otto-Von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Germany), Alexander Schmidt (University of St. Gallen, Switzerland)
True e-enabled collaboration has been assessed for many years. With the growing reach of companies’ business and cross-border trade, the entire ecosystem enterprises... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
85.
M. Minhat (The University of Auckland, New Zealand), X.W. Xu (The University of Auckland, New Zealand)
Computer Numerical Control (CNC) systems are the “backbones” of modern manufacturing industry for over the last 50 years and the machine tools have evolved from simp... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
86.
Chief Knowledge Officers (pages 527-531)
Richard T. Herschel (St. Joseph’ s University, USA)
Knowledge management (KM) refers to a range of practices used by organizations to identify, create, represent, and distribute knowledge for reuse, awareness, and lea... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
87.
Joseph Wood (U.S. Army, USA), Hui-Lien Tung (Paine College, USA), James Grayson (Augusta State University, USA), Christian Poppeliers (Augusta State University, USA), W.F. Lawless (Paine College, USA)
After this article introduction, we review the prevailing theory of organizations, and what it means to organizational science and the new discipline of Quantum Inte... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
88.
Jane E. Klobas (University of Western Australia, Australia), Stefano Renzi (Bocconi University, Italy)
The World Wide Web has become a mature platform for the support of learning at universities. Several patterns have emerged, both in the nature of use, and in underst... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
89.
Rui G. Pereira (University of Beira Interior, Portugal), Mário M. Freire (University of Beira Interior, Portugal)
Semantic Web is the name of the next generation World Wide Web, that has been recently proposed by Tim Berners-Lee and the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)1. In this... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
90.
O.K.B Barima (University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)
Meeting the expectations of clients through better service delivery has been a key concern of the construction industry over the years (Hui, 2005; Shen & Liu, 2004 )... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
91.
Kevin E. Voges (University of Canterbury, New Zealand)
Cluster analysis is a fundamental data reduction technique used in the physical and social sciences. It is of potential interest to managers in Information Science,... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
92.
Christos Makris (University of Patras, Greece), Nikos Tsirakis (University of Patras, Greece)
The World Wide Web has rapidly become the dominant Internet tool which has overwhelmed us with a combination of rich hypertext information, multimedia data and vario... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
93.
Felix B. Tan (Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand), M. Gordon Hunter (University of Lethbridge, Canada)
The existence and significance of cognition in organizations and its influence on patterns of behaviour in organizations and organizational outcomes are increasingly... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
94.
Eshaa M. Alkhalifa (University of Bahrain, Bahrain)
Multimedia systems waltzed into the lives of students and educators without allowing anyone the time required for the development of suitable evaluation techniques.... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
95.
Thrasyvoulos Tsiatsos (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece), Andreas Konstantinidis (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece)
Computer supported collaboration is one of the most promising innovations to improve teaching, learning, and collaborating with the help of modern information and co... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
96.
Chi Kin Chan (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong)
The traditional approach to forecasting involves choosing the forecasting method judged most appropriate of the available methods and applying it to some specific si... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
97.
Hannu Salmela (Turku School of Economics and Business Administration, Finland), Juha Pärnistö (Fujitsu Services, Finland)
Since the 1990s, services characterized by a considerable geographical distance between the service person and the customer have become increasingly commonplace. Ban... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
98.
Pankaj Kamthan (Concordia University, Canada)
In software engineering, separating problem and solutionlevel concerns and analyzing each of them in an abstract manner are established principles (Ghezzi, Jazayeri,... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
99.
O.K.B. Barima (University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)
In recent times the use of the virtual and allied concepts in the delivery of tasks in the construction industry has received attention in literature (Barima, 2003).... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
100.
Terry Halpin (Neumont University, USA)
The Unified Modeling Language (UML) was adopted by the Object Management Group (OMG) in 1997 as a language for object-oriented (OO) analysis and design. After severa... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
101.
Jorge H. Doorn (INTIA, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina & Universidad Nacional de La Matanza, Argentina), Marcela Ridao (INTIA, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Air)
The difficulties that software developers must face to understand and elicit clients’ and users’ necessities are widely known. The more complex the context of the pr... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
102.
Leoni Warne (Department of Defence, Australia), Helen Hasan (University of Wollongong, Australia), Henry Linger (Monash University, Australia)
In modern organizations, information, and particularly knowledge, is known to be the most strategically important resource. The defining characteristics of modern or... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
103.
Juha Kettunen (Turku University of Applied Sciences, Finland), Ari Putkonen (Turku University of Applied Sciences, Finland), Ursula Hyrkkänen (Turku University of Applied Sciences, Finland)
Working environments are changing from the traditional model. An increasing amount of work takes place in networked and virtual environments which are not tied to on... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
104.
Computational Biology (pages 641-646)
Andrew LaBrunda (GTA, Guam), Michelle LaBrunda (Cabrini Medical Center, USA)
It is impossible to pinpoint the exact moment at which computational biology became a discipline of its own, but one could say that it was in 1997 when the society o... Sample PDF | More details...
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105.
Pieter Blignaut (University of the Free State, South Africa), Andries Burger (University of the Free State, South Africa), Theo McDonald (University of the Free State, South Africa), Janse Tolmie (University of the Free State, South Africa)
Computers in the workplace are a given. Although the advantages of computers are well-known and proven, many people still try to avoid using them. It is extremely im... Sample PDF | More details...
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106.
Dionysios Politis (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece), Ioannis Stamelos (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece), Dimitrios Margounakis (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece)
One of the most intriguing fields of human-computer interaction (HCI) involves the communication aspects of computer music interfaces. Music is a rich communication... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
107.
Markos G. Tsipouras (University of Ioannina, Greece), Dimitrios I. Fotiadis (University of Ioannina, Greece, Biomedical Research Institute-FORTH, Greece, & Michaelideion Cardiology Center, Greece), Lambros K. Michalis (University of Ioannina, Greece & Michaelideion)
In this chapter, the field of computer-aided diagnosis of cardiacdiac arrhythmias is reviewed, methodologies are presented, and current trends are discussed. Cardiac... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
108.
Anthony Scime (State University of New York College, USA)
Information technology (IT) is an umbrella term that encompasses disciplines dealing with the computer and its functions. These disciplines originated from interests... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
109.
Alexandr Savinov (University of Bonn, Germany)
In the concept-oriented programming (CoP) (Savinov, 2005, 2007), the main idea is common to many other approaches and consists in raising the abstraction level of pr... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
110.
Dohoon Kim (Kyung Hee University, Korea)
The enterprise intelligence through e-transformation is one of the cornerstones of the next-generation e-business era where the Internet constitutes the core busines... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
111.
Haim Kilov (Stevens Institute of Technology, USA), Ira Sack (Stevens Institute of Technology, USA)
The proverbial communication gap between business and IT experts is mostly due to the fact that what is considered obvious to some business experts might not be obvi... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
112.
Luciano Caroprese (DEIS Universitá della Calabria, Italy), Cristian Molinaro (DEIS Universitá della Calabria, Italy), Irina Trubitsyna (DEIS Universitá della Calabria, Italy), Ester Zumpano (DEIS Universitá della Calabria, Italy)
Integrating data from different sources consists of two main steps, the first in which the various relations are merged together, and the second in which some tuples... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
113.
Isabel Ramos (Universidade do Minho, Portugal), João Álvaro Carvalho (Universidade do Minho, Portugal)
Scientific or organizational knowledge creation has been addressed from different perspectives along the history of science and, in particular, of social sciences. T... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
114.
Kathaleen Reid-Martinez (Azusa Pacific University, USA), Linda D. Grooms (Regent University, USA), Mihai C. Bocarnea (Regent University, USA)
The past two decades have ushered in a very pronounced gravitation toward a constructivist approach to teaching and learning in all realms of society and most partic... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
115.
Alessio Gaspar (University of South Florida, Lakeland, USA), Sarah Langevin (University of South Florida, Lakeland, USA), Naomi Boyer (University of South Florida, Lakeland, USA)
Computer programming involves more than thinking of a design and typing the code to implement it. While coding, professional programmers are actively on the lookout... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
116.
Marc Pasquet (GREYC Laboratory (ENSICAEN – Université Caen Basse Normandie - CNRS), France), Delphine Vacquez (ENSICAEN, France), Joan Reynaud (GREYC Laboratory (ENSICAEN – Université Caen Basse Normandie - CNRS), France), Félix Cuozzo (ENSICAEN, France)
The radio frequency identification (RFID) reading technology enables the transfer, by radio, of information from electronic circuit to a reader, opened up some inter... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
117.
Yasmin Ibrahim (University of Brighton, UK)
The social issue of the “digital divide” has courted much political and scholarly attention in the last decade. There is, however, less consensus over the origin of... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
118.
Robert S. Owen (Texas A&M University, USA), Bosede Aworuwa (Texas A&M University, USA)
This article discusses the principles of two qualitatively different and somewhat competing instructional designs from the 1950s and 1960s, linear programmed instruc... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
119.
Jerry P. Galloway (Texas Wesleyan University, USA and University of Texas at Arlington, USA)
To speak of contemporary issues in instructional technology is like counting wave crests in a stormy ocean: they are changing quickly all the time. New technologies... Sample PDF | More details...
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120.
Herbert Kotzab (Copenhagen Business School, Denmark)
Retailing can be defined in two ways, either as a set of functions that adds value to products/services that are sold to end users (functional understanding of retai... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
121.
Alan Wee-Chung Liew (Griffith University, Australia), Ngai-Fong Law (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong)
With the rapid growth of Internet and multimedia systems, the use of visual information has increased enormously, such that indexing and retrieval techniques have be... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
122.
Yung-Kuan Chan (National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, R.O.C.), Chin-Chen Chang (National Chung Cheng University, Taiwan, R.O.C.)
Because of the demand for efficient management in images, much attention has been paid to image retrieval over the past few years. The text-based image retrieval sys... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
123.
Gábor Richly (Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary), Gábor Hosszú (Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary), Ferenc Kovács (Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary)
The article presents a novel approach to search in shared audio file storages such as P2P-based systems. The proposed method enables the recognition of specific patt... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
124.
Farhad Daneshgar (University of New South Wales, Australia)
Like many existing ERP models (e.g., Podolsky, 1998; Van Stijn & Wensley, 2001), the OOAB framework is also based on a widely accepted assumption that a corporate-wi... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
125.
John R. Durrett (Texas Tech University, USA), Lisa Burnell (Texas Christian University, USA), John W. Priest (University of Texas at Arlington, USA)
In this article, we investigate the potential of using a synthesis of organizational research, traditional systems analysis techniques, and agent-based computing in... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
126.
R. Gelbard (Bar-Ilan University, Israel), J. Kantor (University of Windsor, Canada), L. Edelist (Bar-Ilan University, Israel)
“According to the Standish Group CHAOS Report 2003, each year in the USA there are approximately 175,000 projects in IT application development that spends $250 Bill... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
127.
Nilmini Wickramasinghe (Illinois Institute of Technology, USA), Rajeev K. Bali (Coventry University, UK)
Recently, the world has witnessed several large scale natural disasters: the Tsunami that devastated many of the countries around the rim of the Indian Ocean in Dece... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
128.
Graciela D.S. Hadad (Universidad Nacional de La Matanza, Argentina & Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina), Jorge H. Doorn (INTIA, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina and Universidad Nacional)
Requirements engineering (RE) is the area of software engineering responsible for the elicitation and definition of the software system requirements. This task impli... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
129.
Nilmini Wickramasinghe (Illinois Institute of Technology, USA)
The information age has made information communication technology (ICT) a necessity for conducting business. This in turn has led to the exponential increase in the... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
130.
André Carlos Ponce de Leon Ferreira de Carvalho (Universidade de São Paolo, Brazil), João Manuel Portela Gama (Universidade do Porto, Portugal), Teresa Bernarda Ludermir (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil)
The widespread use of databases and the fast increase of the volume of data they store are creating a problem and a new opportunity for credit companies. These compa... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
131.
Philip J. Dobson (Edith Cowan University, Australia)
Many recent articles from within the information systems (IS) arena present an old-fashioned view of realism. For example, Iivari, Hirschheim, and Klein (1998) saw c... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
132.
Sven A. Carlsson (Lund University, Sweden)
The information systems (IS) field is dominated by positivistic research approaches and theories (Chen & Hirschheim, 2004). IS scholars have pointed out weaknesses i... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
133.
Ben Martz (University of Colorado, USA), Venkat Reddy (University of Colorado, USA)
Distance education is playing an ever-growing role in the education industry. As such, it is prudent to explore and understand driving conditions that underlie this... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
134.
Nilmini Wickramasinghe (Illinois Institute of Technology, USA), Jonathan L. Schaffer (The Cleveland Clinic, USA)
Within the umbrella of e-commerce, one area, e-health, has yet to reach its full potential in many developed countries, let alone developing countries. Each country... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
135.
John H. Nugent (University of Dallas, USA), David Gordon (University of Dallas, USA)
As in all industries, in order to win in a market and set an appropriate strategy, it is important to know as much as possible about that market and have at one’s di... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
136.
Wai K. Law (University of Guam, Guam)
Western organizations have led the globalization of business operations, especially in the deployment of multi-domestic strategy. The decentralized organizational co... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
137.
Elena Karahanna (University of Georgia, USA), Roberto Evaristo (University of Illinois, USA), Mark Srite (University of Wisconsin, USA)
“Globalization of business highlights the need to understand the management of organizations that span different nations and cultures” (Srite et al., 2003, p. 31). I... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
138.
Yingqin Zhong (National University of Singapore, Singapore), John Lim (National University of Singapore, Singapore)
Globalization makes cultural diversity a pertinent factor in e-learning, as distributed learning teams with mixed cultural backgrounds become commonplace in most e-l... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
139.
Lucas Walsh (Deakin University, Australia)
This article discusses ongoing cultural challenges faced by distance education providers seeking to deliver programs of study transnationally. Focusing on a key peri... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
140.
Manuel J. Sanchez-Franco (University of Seville, Spain), Francisco José Martínez López (University of Granada, Spain)
In view of academic and theoretical perspective, the effects of culture on IS acceptance have been studied by researchers mostly based on Hofstede’s (1980) cultural... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
141.
Moez Limayem (University of Arkansas, USA), Adel Hendaoui (University of Lausanne, Switzerland)
Managers spend a considerable part of their work time in meetings participating in group decision making. Group support systems (GSSs) are adopted in a variety of gr... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
142.
Göran Pulkkis (Arcada Polytechnic, Finland), Kaj Grahn (Arcada Polytechnic, Finland), Peik Åström (Utimaco Safeware Oy, Finland)
Network security is defined as “a set of procedures, practices and technologies for protecting network servers, network users and their surrounding organizations” (O... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
143.
Ramaswamy Palaniappan (University of Essex, UK), Chanan S. Syan (University of the West Indies, West Indies), Raveendran Paramesran (University of Malaya, Malaysia)
Electroencephalogram (EEG) is the electrical activity of the brain recorded by electrodes placed on the scalp. EEG signals are generally investigated for the diagnos... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
144.
Jounghae Bang (Kookmin University, Korea), Nikhilesh Dholakiam (University of Rhode Island, USA), Lutz Hamel (University of Rhode Island, USA), Seung-Kyoon Shin (University of Rhode Island, USA)
Customer relationships are increasingly central to business success (Kotler, 1997; Reichheld & Sasser, 1990). Acquiring new customers is five to seven times costlier... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
145.
Michael W. Dixon (Murdoch University, Australia), Johan M. Karlsson (Lund Institute of Technology, Sweden), Tanya J. McGill (Murdoch University, Australia)
Information and communications technology (ICT) has increasingly influenced higher education. Computer-based packages and other learning objects provide a useful sup... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
146.
Agustinus Borgy Waluyo (Monash University, Australia), Bala Srinivasan (Monash University, Australia), David Taniar (Monash University, Australia)
The development of wireless technology has led to mobile computing, a new era in data communication and processing (Barbara, 1999; Myers & Beigl, 2003). With this te... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
147.
Data Mining (pages 921-926)
Sherry Y. Chen (Brunel University, UK), Xiaohui Liu (Brunel University, UK)
There is an explosion in the amount of data that organizations generate, collect, and store. Organizations are gradually relying more on new technologies to access,... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
148.
Ye-Sho Chen (Louisiana State University, USA), Grace Hua (Louisiana State University, USA), Bob Justis (Louisiana State University, USA)
Franchising has been a popular approach given the high rate of business failures (Justis & Judd, 2002; Thomas & Seid, 2000). Its popularity continues to increase, as... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
149.
Data Mining in Tourism (pages 936-940)
Indranil Bose (The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong)
Everyday, millions of people travel around the globe for business, vacations, sightseeing, or other reasons. An astronomical amount of money is spent on tickets, acc... Sample PDF | More details...
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150.
Damianos Chatziantoniou (Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece), George Doukidis (Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece)
Traditional decision support systems (DSS) and executive information systems (EIS) gather and present information from several sources for business purposes. It is a... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
151.
Database Benchmarks (pages 950-954)
Jérôme Darmont (ERIC, University of Lyon 2, France)
Performance measurement tools are very important, both for designers and users of Database Management Systems (DBMSs). Performance evaluation is useful to designers... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
152.
Emmanuel Udoh (Sullivan University, USA)
The capability of the Web to link information over the Internet has popularized computer science to the public. But it is the grid that will enable the public to exp... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
153.
Hendrik Decker (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain), Davide Martinenghi (Free University of Bozen/Bolzano, Italy)
Integrity constraints (or simply “constraints”) are formal representations of invariant conditions for the semantic correctness of database records. Constraints can... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
154.
Hong Va Leong (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong)
M-commerce (mobile commerce) applications have evolved out of e-commerce (electronic commerce) applications, riding on recent advancement in wireless communication t... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
155.
Yanqing Duan (University of Luton, UK), Mark Xu (University of Portsmouth, UK)
Decision support systems (DSSs) are widely used in many organisations (Arslan et al., 2004; Belecheanu et al., 2003; Dey, 2001; Gopalakrishnan et al., 2004; Lau et a... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
156.
Guisseppi Forgionne (University of Maryland, Baltimore County, USA), Manuel Mora (Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Mexico), Jatinder N.D. Gupta (University of Alabama-Huntsville, USA), Ovsei Gelman (National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico)
Decision-making support systems (DMSS) are computerbased information systems designed to support some or all phases of the decision-making process (Forgionne, Mora,... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
157.
Kathryn A. Marold (Metropolitan State College of Denver, USA)
A decade of hindsight allows us to examine the phenomenon of Web-based course delivery and evaluate its successes and failures. When Web-delivered courses mushroomed... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
158.
Democratic E-Governance (pages 990-995)
Ari-Veikko Anttiroiko (University of Tampere, Finland)
The changing role of the state and a managerialist view of the operations of public sector organizations gave rise to the idea of new public governance. Gradually mo... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
159.
Janice C. Sipior (Villanova University, USA)
This article discusses the expert system (ES) project champion by examining the experiences of Ciba-Geigy Corporation with an ES project, impeded by the departure of... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
160.
Juan-Carlos Cano (Technical University of Valencia, Spain), Carlos Tavares Calafate (Technical University of Valencia, Spain), Jose Cano (Technical University of Valencia, Spain), Pietro Manzoni (Technical University of Valencia, Spain)
Communication technologies are currently addressing our daily lives. Internet, fixed-line networks, wireless networks, and sensor technologies are converging, and se... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
161.
María Virginia Mauco (Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Pcia. de Buenos Aires, Argentina), María Carmen Leonardi (Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Pcia. de Buenos Aires, Argentina), Daniel Riesco (Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Argentina)
Formal methods have come into use for the construction of real systems as they help to increase software quality and reliability, and even though their industrial us... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
162.
Gordana Jovanovic Dolecek (Institute Inaoe, Mexico)
Digital signal processing (DSP) is an area of engineering that “has seen explosive growth during the past three decades” (Mitra, 2005). Its rapid development is a re... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
163.
Zakaria Maamar (Zayed University, UAE)
In the field of Web services (Benatallah, Sheng, & Dumas, 2003; Bentahar, Maamar, Benslimane, & Thiran, 2007; Medjahed & Bouguettaya, 2005), a community gathers Web... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
164.
M. Daud Ahmed (Manukau Institute of Technology, New Zealand), David Sundaram (University of Auckland, New Zealand)
Scenarios have been defined in many ways, for example, a management tool for identifying a plausible future (Porter, 1985; Schwartz, 1991; Ringland, 1998; Tucker, 19... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
165.
Judith V. Boettcher (University of Florida, USA)
The importance of design for instructional programs — whether on campus or online or at a distance — increases with the possible combinations of students, content, s... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
166.
Jing Dong (University of Texas, USA), Tu Peng (University of Texas, USA), Yongtao Sun (American Airlines, USA), Longji Tang (FedEx Dallas Tech Center, USA), Yajing Zhao (University of Texas , USA)
Design patterns (Gamma, Helm, Johnson, & Vlissides, 1995) extract good solutions to standard problems in a particular context. Modern software industry has widely ad... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
167.
Jana Polgar (Monash University, Australia)
Agents are viewed as the next significant software abstraction, and it is expected they will become as ubiquitous as graphical user interfaces are today. Agents are... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
168.
Sandro Scielzo (University of Central Florida, USA), Stephen M. Fiore (University of Central Florida, USA), Haydee M. Cuevas (University of Central Florida, USA)
The ubiquitous use of information technology (IT) promotes a fast-paced and dynamic training environment with enormous potential for performance increases in a varie... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
169.
Stu Westin (University of Rhode Island, USA)
For over a decade the term digital divide has been used to refer to discrepancies between various population segments in terms of access to information technologies.... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
170.
Yangil Park (University of Wisconsin, USA), Jeng-Chung Chen (National Cheng-Kung University, Taiwan)
Web Service (WS) is an open standard software component that uses Extensible Markup Language (XML) functions to access and exchange data via networks in communicatin... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
171.
Martha Henckell (Southeast Missouri State University, USA), Michelle Kilburn (Southeast Missouri State University, USA), David Starrett (Southeast Missouri State University, USA)
As with any new program, the chance of failure runs high and distance education, in comparison with the longevity of traditional education, is considered relatively... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
172.
Brian H. Cameron (The Pennsylvania State University, USA)
Enterprise systems design, implementation, and integration are focal points for business and information technology. Businesses must change processes, environments,... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
173.
Niki Panteli (University of Bath, UK)
During the last few years, there has been an increasing acknowledgment of the importance of trust in business interactions within the management and organizational l... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
174.
Petek Askar (Hacettepe University, Turkey), Ugur Halici (Middle East Technical University, Turkey)
Most of the discussions related to education are about technological innovations. Indeed as Rogers (1995) stated, we often use the word “innovation” and “technology”... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
175.
Virginia Ilie (University of Kansas, USA), Craig Van Slyke (Saint Louis University, USA), Hao Lou (Ohio University, USA), John Day (Ohio University, USA)
Some information and communication technologies (ICT) that support groups have become tightly engrained in the fabric of organizational life, but others have not bee... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
176.
Ramesh Subramanian (Quinnipiac University, USA)
“DAM. Looks like something you might say if you couldn’t find a photograph you needed for a front-page story. But DAM—digital asset management—is actually designed t... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
177.
Francesco Amoretti (University of Salerno, Italy), Clementina Casula (University of Cagliari, Italy)
Concerns about inequalities deriving from the penetration of new information and communication technologies (ICTs) have only recently become a widely debated issue i... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
178.
Sauman Chu (University of Minnesota, USA)
Since the 1970s, computer games have become more and more a part of our culture. For the past 20-30 years, some studies have shown that certain aspects of computer g... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
179.
Kumbesan Sandrasegaran (University of Technology, Sydney, Australia), Xiaoan Huang (University of Technology, Sydney, Australia)
The daily activities of humans and business are increasingly depending on the usage of (digital) identity for interaction with other parties and for accessing resour... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
180.
Ioannis Tarnanas (Kozani University of Applied Science, Greece), Vassilios Kikis (Kozani University of Applied Science, Greece)
That portion of the Internet known as the World Wide Web has been riding an exponential growth curve since 1994 (Network Wizards, 1999; Rutkowski, 1998), coinciding... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
181.
Steven Utsi (K.U.Leuven, Belgium), Joost Lowyck (K.U.Leuven, Belgium)
As an educational setting, the traditional classroom fails to meet the learner’s need for suitable skills to learn with educational software. The development of digi... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
182.
Georgios Gardikis (University of the Aegean, Greece), Harilaos Koumaras (University of the Aegean, Greece), Anastasios Kourtis (National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Greece)
Following the success and wide adoption of the European Digital Video Broadcasting for Terrestrial (DVB-T) standard for digital terrestrial television, numerous coor... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
183.
Hsien-Chu Wu (National Taichung Institute of Technology, Taiwan), Hei-Chuan Lin (National Taichung Institute of Technology, Taiwan)
In recent years, services on the Internet have greatly improved and are more reliable than before. However, the easy downloads and duplications on the Internet have... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
184.
José Juan Pazos-Arias (University of Vigo, Spain), Martín López-Nores (University of Vigo, Spain)
Developed countries have long been interested in distance education. This interest is growing due to the advance toward a global economy, because education is common... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
185.
Andreas Wiesner-Steiner (Berlin School of Economics, Germany), Heike Wiesner (Berlin School of Economics, Germany), Petra Luck (Liverpool Hope University, UK)
The cultural and technical history of e-learning scenarios can be traced back to traditional forms of distance studies, CD-Rom learning programmes, audio-programmes... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
186.
Distance Learning Overview (pages 1174-1180)
Linda D. Grooms (Regent University, USA)
The knowledge explosion, the increased complexity of human life, and the ubiquitous nature of technology coupled with the globalization of the marketplace herald the... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
187.
Panayiotis Zaphiris (City University, London, UK), Andrew Laghos (City University, London, UK), Giorgos Zacharia (MIT, USA)
This article presents an empirical study of an online learning community that collaborates with the course design team under the Participatory Design methodology. Th... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
188.
Carlos Granell (Universitat Jaume I, Spain), Laura Díaz (Universitat Jaume I, Spain), Michael Gould (Universitat Jaume I, Spain)
The development of geographic information systems (GISs) has been highly influenced by the overall progress of information technology (IT). These systems evolved fro... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
189.
Míriam Antón-Rodríguez (University of Valladolid, Spain), José-Fernando Díez-Higuera (University of Valladolid, Spain), Francisco-Javier Díaz-Pernas (University of Valladolid, Spain)
The Internet has meant a social revolution, changing forever the way we communicate and how we access to the information. The growing expansion of technology and the... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
190.
Yung-Kuan Chan (National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, R.O.C.), Yu-An Ho (National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, R.O.C.), Hsien-Chu Wu (National Taichung Institute of Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C.), Yen-Ping Chu (National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, R.)
An optical character recognition (OCR) system enables a user to feed an article directly into an electronic computer file and translate the optically scanned bitmaps... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
191.
Giovanni M. Sacco (Università di Torino, Italy)
End-user interactive access to complex information is a key requirement in most applications, from knowledge management, to e-commerce, to portals. Traditionally, on... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
192.
Linda C. Wilkins (University of South Australia, Australia), Elsie S.K. Chan (Australian Catholic University, Australia)
The shift towards electronically mediated texts entails major structural issues for libraries and the publishers and aggregators who supply them. Stakeholders within... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
193.
Denis Trcek (Jožef Stefan Institute, Slovenia)
Security as we perceive it today became a topic of research with the introduction of networked information systems, or networked ISs, in the early 1980s. In the mid-... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
194.
Deborah S. Carstens (Florida Institute of Technology, USA), Stephanie M. Rockfield (Florida Institute of Technology, USA)
Organizations are shedding conventional work team structures in favor of virtual team structures that are increasing in popularity (Lee-Kelley, Crossman, & Cannings,... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
195.
E-Commerce Taxation Issues (pages 1232-1236)
Mahesh S. Raisinghani (TWU School of Management, USA), Dan S. Petty (North Texas Commission, USA)
This article is designed to give the reader a balanced perspective on some of the issues surrounding the current discussions related to state and local taxation of I... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
196.
E-Contracting Challenges (pages 1237-1243)
Lai Xu (CSIRO ICT Centre, Australia), Paul de Vrieze (CSIRO ICT Centre, Australia)
A decade ago, IT — through its innovations in business process reengineering — led the way in breaking down the inefficiencies within companies. Firms in the new mil... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
197.
Aberdeen Leila Borders (Kennesaw State University, USA), Wesley J. Johnston (Georgia State University, USA), Brett W. Young (Georgia State University, USA), Johnathan Yehuda Morpurgo (University of New Orleans, USA)
This article examines the issue of electronic customer relationship management (eCRM) in a manufacturing context. ECRM has been described as the fusion of a process,... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
198.
Vicki L. Gregory (University of South Florida, USA)
Libraries and information centers today are very different places from those that existed at the beginning of the 20th century, and very different as well from the l... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
199.
A.C. Leonard (University of Pretoria, South Africa)
End users have expectations regarding services and support, and the quality thereof, provided by the supplier. They compare their expectations to the received servic... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
200.
David Tuffley (Griffith University, Australia)
Geographically dispersed project teams collaborating in virtual environments face a range of challenges in the successful completion of IT development projects. This... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
201.
Bishwajit Choudhary (Information Resources Management Association, USA)
For several years, researchers have argued that too much closeness or distance among the team members inhibits intellectual debate and lowers the quality of decision... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
202.
Effective Virtual Teams (pages 1272-1278)
D. Sandy Staples (Queen’s University, Canada), Ian K. Wong (Queen’s University, Canada), Ann-Frances Cameron (HEC Montréal, Canada)
Virtual teams are now being used by many organizations to enhance the productivity of their employees and to bring together a diversity of skills and resources (Gign... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
203.
Kamel Karoui (University of Manouba, Tunisia), Fakher Ben Ftima (University of Manouba, Tunisia)
With the development of the Internet, the number of people buying, selling, and performing transactions is expected to increase at a phenomenal rate. The emergence o... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
204.
Gee Woo Bock (Sungkyunkwan University, Korea), Chen Way Siew (IBM Consulting Services, Singapore), Youn Jung Kang (Sungkyunkwan University, Korea)
In the field of motivation, incentives are seen as a means of motivating people. Incentives are usually applied in the form of a scheme, such as piece-rate and fixed... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
205.
Ljiljana D. Milic (University of Belgrade, Serbia)
A multirate filter can be defined as a digital filter in which the input data rate is changed in one or more intermediate points. With the efficient multirate approa... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
206.
Nicolae Costake (Certified Management Consultant, Romania)
The purpose of this article is to contribute to the definition of the still emerging strategic concept of e-societal management (e-SM) as a key component of the info... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
207.
Udo Richard Averweg (eThekwini Municipality and University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa)
The transition of the global economy from an industrial focus to one based on knowledge and information presents numerous opportunities and challenges to countries,... Sample PDF | More details...
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208.
Birgit Jaeger (Roskilde University, Denmark)
The development of electronic or digital government (egovernment) has varied throughout the world. Although we give it the same name, we know from different studies... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
209.
Karim A. Remtulla (University of Toronto, Canada)
The global, knowledge-based economy is causing rapid change when it comes to workforce composition and the nature and character of work itself. At the same time, ‘e-... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
210.
Yukiko Inoue (University of Guam, Guam)
Twenty First Century Government is enabled by technology— policy is inspired by it, business change is delivered by it, customer and corporate services are dependent... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
211.
Norm Archer (McMaster University, Canada)
Information systems that link businesses for the purpose of inter-organizational transfer of business transaction information (inter-organizational information syste... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
212.
Electronic Payment (pages 1341-1348)
Marc Pasquet (GREYC Laboratory (ENSICAEN – Université Caen Basse Normandie - CNRS), France), Sylvain Vernois (GREYC Laboratory (ENSICAEN – Université Caen Basse Normandie - CNRS), France), Wilfried Aubry (GREYC Laboratory (ENSICAEN – Université Caen)
Money has two main forms nowadays: the fiduciary money (coins, banknotes…) and the scriptural one (electronic or virtual). To pay goods, both are used. The electroni... Sample PDF | More details...
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213.
Merilyn Burke (University of South Florida, USA)
With the explosion of distance learning, academic libraries have had to change to meet the needs of their faculty, staff, and students. The ACRL (Association of Coll... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
214.
Kim Hassall (University of Melbourne, Australia)
By 1998, arguably some four years after the Internet’s general user beginnings, many commentators did not doubt that Internet based home shopping was on its way to r... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
215.
Sagarmay Deb (Southern Cross University, Australia)
Images are generated everywhere from various sources. It could be satellite pictures, biomedical, scientific, entertainment, sports and many more, generated through... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
216.
Qile He (University of Bedfordshire Business School, UK), Yanqing Duan (University of Bedfordshire Business School, UK)
Due to the rapid growth of e-commerce, the physical boundaries between parties in business transaction have been eliminated by the fast and convenient network connec... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
217.
Zhen Wang (National University of Singapore, Singapore), John Lim (National University of Singapore, Singapore), Elizabeth Koh (National University of Singapore, Singapore)
In this fast moving global working environment, negotiators are benefiting from the pervasive application of computers and networks in the workplace. There is an inc... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
218.
G. Manimaran (Iowa State University, USA)
Real-time systems have undergone an evolution in the last several years in terms of their number and variety of applications, as well as in complexity. A natural res... Sample PDF | More details...
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219.
Jo Ann Oravec (University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, USA)
Organizations have become more permeable— integrating more influences from the outside world— as participants engage in such online diversions as trading stocks, eng... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
220.
Celeste See-pui Ng (Yuan-Ze University, R.O.C.)
A typical packaged software lifecycle, from the client-organization perspective, is packaged software selection followed by implementation, installation, training, a... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
221.
Karl Kurbel (European University, Germany)
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is a state-of-the-art approach to running organizations with the help of comprehensive information systems, providing support for... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
222.
Christian Serarols-Tarrés (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain)
The increasing development of information technologies (IT) has significantly affected both firms and markets. IT is currently changing the world in a more permanent... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
223.
Silvina Santana (Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal), Vítor Amorim (I2S Informática-Sistemas e Serviços, Portugal)
Data, information and knowledge are the heart of the insurance business. Each policy is composed of a set of data that can vary substantially. Risk management is a c... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
224.
Joseph Bradley (University of Idaho, USA)
Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are off-theshelf software systems that claim to meet the information needs of organizations. These systems are usually ado... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
225.
Cesar Alexandre de Souza (University of São Paulo, Brazil), Ronaldo Zwicker (University of São Paulo, Brazil)
The 1990’s witnessed an impressive growth of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in the market of corporate IT solutions, and now they are an important compon... Sample PDF | More details...
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226.
Pankaj Kamthan (Concordia University, Canada)
In recent years, there has been a steady shift in the nature of Web applications. The vehicle of this transition of Web applications is us, the people. The ability t... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
227.
Edward J. Szewczak (Canisius College, USA)
The collection of personal information by electronic technology (e-technology) and the possibility of misuse of that information are primary reasons why people limit... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
228.
Lynne D. Roberts (University of Western Australia, Australia), Leigh M. Pollock Smith (Curtin University of Technology, Australia)
The rapid growth of the Internet has been accompanied by a growth in the number and types of virtual environments supporting computer-mediated communication. This wa... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
229.
Ethics of New Technologies (pages 1450-1453)
Joe Gilbert (University of Nevada Las Vegas, USA)
Information processing has been done through telling stories, drawing on cave walls, writing on parchment, printing books, talking on telephones, sending messages vi... Sample PDF | More details...
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230.
John B. Nash (Stanford University, USA), Christoph Richter (University of Hannover, Germany), Heidrun Allert (University of Hannover, Germany)
The call for the integration of program evaluation into the development of computer-supported learning environments is ever increasing. Pushed not only by demands fr... Sample PDF | More details...
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231.
John Krogstie (IDI, NTNU, SINTEF, Norway)
According to Booch, Rumbaugh, and Jacobson (2005), developing a model for an industrial strength software system before its construction is increasingly regarded as... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
232.
Dennis Guster (St. Cloud State University, USA), David Robinson (St. Cloud State University, USA), Richard Sundheim (St. Cloud State University, USA)
The past decade could be classified as the “decade of connectivity”; in fact, it is commonplace for computers to be connected to an LAN, which in turn is connected t... Sample PDF | More details...
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233.
Iwona Miliszewska (Victoria University, Australia)
Distance education is an increasingly common educational alternative, as well as a key contributor to the newly competitive landscape in higher education. Once regar... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
234.
Valerie Baker (University of Wollongong, Australia), Tim Coltman (University of Wollongong, Australia)
One of the main strategic challenges for organizations today is to effectively manage change and stay competitive in the future. Change appears to be the only consta... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
235.
Iris Reychav (Bar-Ilan University, Israel), Jacob Weisberg (Bar-Ilan University, Israel)
The question of whether or not it is “worthwhile” for employees to share their knowledge has received a great deal of attention in the literature, which focuses on t... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
236.
Benou Poulcheria (University of Peloponnese, Greece)
Pervasive computing is nowadays becoming a reality, exploiting the capabilities offered by both computing infrastructure and communication facilities. The pervasive... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
237.
Chandra S. Amaravadi (Western Illinois University, USA)
Data mining is a new and exciting technology to emerge in the last decade. It uses techniques from artificial intelligence and statistics to detect interesting and u... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
238.
Daniel Riesco (Universidad Nacional de San Luis and Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, Argentina), Marcela Daniele (Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, Argentina), Daniel Romero (Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, Argentina), German Montejano (Universidad Nacional d)
The Unified Modeling Language (UML) allows to visualize, to specify, to build and to document the devices of a system that involves a great quantity of software. It... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
239.
Pankaj Kamthan (Concordia University, Canada)
The engineering environment of Web Applications is in a constant state of technological and social flux. These applications face challenges posed by new implementati... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
240.
Ni Chang (Indiana University South Bend, USA)
A discussion of roles that an instructor plays in the traditional classroom does not seem to be an innovative focus in the educational field. Yet, such discussions c... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
241.
Ravi Nath (Creighton University, USA), Vasudeva N.R. Murthy (Creighton University, USA)
There is overwhelming evidence that the use of the Internetenabled applications and solutions provide unprecedented economic growth opportunities. However, the Inter... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
242.
Kim E. Dooley (Texas A&M University, USA), Theresa Pesl Murphrey (Texas A&M University, USA), James R. Lindner (Texas A&M University, USA), Timothy H. Murphy (Texas A&M University, USA)
In 2001, Michele Bunn offered her readers timeless and timely issues in distance education. There were predictions that virtual universities would shift from a teach... Sample PDF | More details...
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243.
Bruce Vanstone (Bond University, Australia), Gavin Finnie (Bond University, Australia)
Soft computing represents that area of computing adapted from the physical sciences. Artificial intelligence techniques within this realm attempt to solve problems b... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
244.
Ala M. Abu-Samaha (Amman University, Jordan), Lana S. Al-Salem (SpecTec Ltd & MEP, Greece)
The requirements phase of the system/application development process typically involves the activities of requirements elicitation, analysis, validation, and specifi... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
245.
Manuel Mora (Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, Mexico), Ovsei Gelman (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico), Francisco Cervantes (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico), Guisseppi Forgionne (University of Maryland, Baltimore County, USA)
Since its conceptualization in the 1960s (Adam & Fitzgerald, 2000), information systems (IS) has undertaken a hard effort to be recognized as a scientific discipline... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
246.
P. Kefalas (CITY College, Greece), M. Holcombe (University of Sheffield, UK), G. Eleftherakis (CITY College, Greece), M. Gheorghe (University of Sheffield, UK)
Recent advances in both the testing and verification of software based on formal specifications have reached a point where the ideas can be applied in a powerful way... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
247.
Aristides Dasso (Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Argentina), Ana Funes (Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Argentina)
Nowadays, software engineering (SE) is considered more frequently an engineering discipline. Several definitions have been proposed by different authors, and many of... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
248.
Liliana María Favre (Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Pcia. de Buenos Aires, Argentina), Claudia Teresa Pereira (Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Pcia. de Buenos Aires, Argentina), Liliana Inés Martinez (Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Pcia. de Buenos Ai)
The model driven architecture (MDA) is an initiative proposed by the object management group (OMG), which is emerging as a technical framework to improve productivit... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
249.
Pankaj Kamthan (Concordia University, Canada)
The role of communication is central to any software development. The documentation forms the message carrier within the communication infrastructure of a software p... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
250.
Matthew W. Wilson (University of Washington, USA)
The World Wide Web, as a collection of Web sites, Web services, and Web-enabled technologies, is a space of expression and contestation—a social construction of sort... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
251.
Mohammad AlMarzouq (Clemson University, USA), Guang Rong (Clemson University, USA), Varun Grover (Clemson University, USA)
Free and open source software (F/OSS) is emerging as a promising alternative to proprietary software. The interest in F/OSS solutions is growing as firms realize tha... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
252.
Peretz Shoval (Ben-Gurion University, Israel), Judith Kabeli (Ben-Gurion University, Israel)
The chapter provides an overview of FOOM–Functional and Object-oriented Methodology–for analysis and design of information systems. FOOM integrates the functional an... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
253.
Gordana Jovanovic Dolecek (Institute Inaoe, Mexico)
Digital signal processing (DSP) is an area of science and engineering that has been rapidly developed over the past years. This rapid development is a result of sign... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
254.
Tru H. Cao (Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Vietnam)
For modeling real-world problems and constructing intelligent systems, integration of different methodologies and techniques has been the quest and focus of signific... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
255.
Gender and Computer Anxiety (pages 1612-1620)
Sue E. Kase (The Pennsylvania State University, USA), Frank E. Ritter (The Pennsylvania State University, USA)
Because of their ability to enhance productivity, computers have become ubiquitous in the workplace. By the early 1990s the use of computers in the workplace reached... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
256.
Marcos Gestal (University of A Coruña, Spain), Julián Dorado (University of A Coruña, Spain)
Genetic algorithms (GAs) (Holland, 1975; Goldberg, 1989) try to find the solution for a problem using an initial group of individuals?the population?where each one r... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
257.
Martin D. Crossland (Oklahoma State University, USA)
Geographic information systems (GISs) as a technology have been studied and reported extensively and, not unexpectedly, in the field of geography. The various ways o... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
258.
Geography and Public Health (pages 1634-1645)
Robert Lipton (Prevention Research Center, USA), D. M. Gorman (Texas A&M University, USA), William F. Wieczorek (Center for Health and Social Research, Buffalo State College-State University of New York, USA), Aniruddha Banerjee (Prevention Research Center, USA), Paul Gruenewald (Prevention)
From John Snow’s pioneering work on cholera in the 19th century until the present day, placing illness and disease within the context of a geographic framework has b... Sample PDF | More details...
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259.
Donald R. Morris-Jones (SRA, USA), Dedric A. Carter (Nova Southeastern University, USA)
Organizations and teams are becoming increasingly more distributed as groups work to expand their global presence while rationalizing team members across skill sets... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
260.
Geospatial Interoperability (pages 1652-1658)
Manoj Paul (Indian Institute of Technology, India), S.K. Ghosh (Indian Institute of Technology, India)
Spatial information is an essential component in almost all decision support system due to the capability it provides for analyzing anything that has reference to th... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
261.
X. Mara Chen (Salisbury University, USA)
The existence, well-being, and sustainable development of the global economy hinges upon the state of the earth’s environment. Effective environmental risk assessmen... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
262.
Global Digital Divide (pages 1664-1670)
Nir Kshetri (University of North Carolina at Greensboro, USA), Nikhilesh Dholakia (University of Rhode Island, USA)
Despite rapidly falling costs of hardware, software and telecommunications services, a wide gap persists between rich and poor nations in terms of their capabilities... Sample PDF | More details...
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263.
Kim Man Lui (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong), Keith C.C. Chan (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong)
Given that the number of qualified programmers cannot be increased drastically and rapidly, software managers in most parts of the world will likely have to live wit... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
264.
Daniel Brandon Jr. (Christian Brothers University, USA)
This article reviews globalization aspects of “business to consumer” (B2C) electronic commerce. According to Computerworld, “Globalization is the marketing and selli... Sample PDF | More details...
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265.
Reima Suomi (Turku School of Economics and Business Administration, Finland)
The pressures for the health care industry are well known and very similar in all developed countries (i.e., altering population, shortage of resources for staff and... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
266.
Ada Scupola (Roskilde University, Denmark)
Innovation and technological change has been considered an important factor for economic development. Information technology has been among the fastest growing innov... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
267.
Yangjun Chen (University of Winnipeg, Canada)
Composite objects represented as directed graphs are an important data structure that require efficient support Web and document databases (Abiteboul, Cluet, Christo... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
268.
Wen-Chen Hu (University of North Dakota, USA), Yanjun Zuo (University of North Dakota, USA), Chyuan-Huei Thomas Yang (Hsuan Chuang University, Taiwan), Yapin Zhong (Shandong Sport University, China)
Mobile commerce is defined as the exchange or buying and selling of commodities, services, or information on the Internet through the use of mobile, handheld devices... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
269.
Gladys N. Kaplan (Universidad Nacional de La Matanza, Argentina & Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina), Jorge H. Doorn (Universidad Nacional de La Matanza, Argentina & Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos A)
The key of the success or failure of a software project depends on solving the right problem (Rumbaugh, 1994; Sawyer, 2005). Thus, software requirements should be co... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
270.
Susan E. George (University of South Australia, Australia)
Deriving—or discovering—information from data has come to be known as data mining. Within health care, the knowledge from medical mining has been used in tasks as di... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
271.
Ian K. Wong (Queen’s University, Canada), D. Sandy Staples (Queen’s University, Canada)
In the past several decades, we have seen tremendous advancements in the development of communication technology. Since the invention of the Internet in 1969, there... Sample PDF | More details...
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272.
Wenbing Zhao (Cleveland State University, USA)
In the Internet age, real-time Web-based services are becoming more pervasive every day. They span virtually all business and government sectors, and typically have... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
273.
Shamik Sural (Indian Institute of Technology, India), A. Vadivel (Indian Institute of Technology, India), A.K. Majumdar (Indian Institute of Technology, India)
Digital image databases have seen an enormous growth over the last few years. However, since many image collections are poorly indexed or annotated, there is a great... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
274.
Alfredo Cuzzocrea (University of Calabria, Italy)
Histograms have been extensively studied and applied in the context of Selectivity Estimation (Kooi, 1980; Muralikrishna & DeWitt, 1998; Piatetsky-Shapiro et al., 19... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
275.
Udo Richard Averweg (eThekwini Municipality and University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa)
During the late 1970s the term “decision support systems” was first coined by P. G. W. Keen, a British Academic then working in the United States of America. In 1978... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
276.
Attila Benko (University of Pannonia, Hungary), Cecília Sik Lányi (University of Pannonia, Hungary)
George Boole was the first to describe a formal language for logic reasoning in 1847. The next milestone in artificial intelligence history was in 1936, when Alan M.... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
277.
Bruce MacLennan (University of Tennessee, USA)
The history of artificial intelligence (AI) is commonly supposed to begin with Turing’s (1950) discussions of machine intelligence, and to have been defined as a fie... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
278.
History of Simulation (pages 1769-1776)
Evon M.O. Abu-Taieh (The Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences, Jordan), Asim Abdel Rahman El Sheikh (The Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Sciences, Jordan), Jeihan M.O. Abu-Tayeh (Ministry of Planning, Jordan), Hussam Al Abdallat (The Arab Academy for Banking and Financial Scien)
The great philosopher Aristotle said, “If you would understand anything, observe its beginning and its development.” Therefore, understanding simulation requires obs... Sample PDF | More details...
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279.
Patricia L. Rogers (Bemidji State University, USA)
“I’ve learned how to use the [insert new instructional technology here], so now how do I use it in class?” From filmstrips and mimeographs, to computer-based simulat... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
280.
Human-Centric E-Business (pages 1782-1788)
H.D. Richards (MAPS and Orion Logic Ltd, UK), Harris Charalampos Makatsoris (Brunel University, UK & Orion Logic Ltd, UK), Yoon Seok Chang (Korea Aerospace University School of Air Transport, Transportation and Logistics, Korea)
This article studies the transformation processes occurring in industry and business at large. It deals with the social and economic challenges, and explores the new... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
281.
ICT and E-Democracy (pages 1789-1793)
Robert A. Cropf (Saint Louis University, USA)
The virtual public sphere does not exist and operate the same everywhere. Every virtual public sphere is different because each country’s economic, social, political... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
282.
Elspeth McKay (RMIT University, Australia)
Ethnic and racial tensions are aggravated by social inequities; perhaps it is the media that unwittingly feeds this dilemma. Look at how often we are directed to the... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
283.
dolfo Alan Sánchez Vázquez (University of Murcia, Spain), Gregorio Martínez Pérez (University of Murcia, Spain)
In principle, computers networks were conceived to share resources and certain computing devices among a select group of people working in academic institutions. In... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50
284.
Alan Wee-Chung Liew (Griffith University, Australia), Ngai-Fong Law (The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong)
Image compression aims to produce a new image representation that can be stored and transmitted efficiently. It is a core technology for multimedia processing and ha... Sample PDF | More details...
$37.50