Wireless Sensor Networks

Chapter Preview

Top

Background: Architecture Of Protocol Stack

The protocol stack is a combination of different layers and consists of the physical layer, data link layer, network layer, transport layer, application layer, power management plane, mobility management plane and task management plane. Each layer has a set of protocols with different operations and integrated with other layers. The protocol stack used by the sink and sensor nodes is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1.

The WSN protocol stack

Key Terms in this Chapter

Hybrid Energy-Efficient Distributed (HEED) Clustering: Is a multi-hop clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks, with a focus on efficient clustering by proper selection of cluster-heads based on the physical distance between nodes.

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN): Is an infrastructure comprised of several sensor nodes, where the main objective of a sensor node is to collect information from its surrounding environment and transmit it to one or more points of centralized control called base stations.

Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH): Is a self-organizing and adaptive clustering protocol that uses randomization to distribute the energy load evenly among the sensor nodes.

Threshold sensitive Energy Efficient sensor Network (TEEN): Is a basic routing protocol of hierarchical clustered multi-hop routing protocol.

Hybrid Energy Efficiency Protocol (HEEP): Combines two algorithms, LEACH and PEGASIS. HEEP suggest a new network self-organization approach, that join clusters-based and the chain-based approaches.

Power-Efficient GAthering in Sensor Information Systems (PEGASIS): Is a chain-based protocol that is near optimal for data-gathering application in sensor networks.

Adaptive Threshold sensitive Energy Efficient sensor Network (APTEEN) Protocol: Is an extension to TEEN and aims at both capturing periodic data collections and reacting to time critical events.